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Physical oceanography

Physical oceanography is the study of physical conditions and physical processes within the ocean, especially the motions and physical properties of ocean waters.

Physical oceanography is one of several sub-domains into which oceanography is divided. Others include biological, chemical and geological oceanography.


Physical oceanography may be subdivided into descriptive and dynamical physical oceanography.[1]


Descriptive physical oceanography seeks to research the ocean through observations and complex numerical models, which describe the fluid motions as precisely as possible.


Dynamical physical oceanography focuses primarily upon the processes that govern the motion of fluids with emphasis upon theoretical research and numerical models. These are part of the large field of Geophysical Fluid Dynamics (GFD) that is shared together with meteorology. GFD is a sub field of Fluid dynamics describing flows occurring on spatial and temporal scales that are greatly influenced by the Coriolis force.

Antarctic Circumpolar Current

(density-driven)

Deep ocean

Gulf Stream

California Current

Gill, Adrian E. (1982). . San Diego: Academic Press. ISBN 0-12-283520-4.

Atmosphere-Ocean Dynamics

Samelson, R. M. (2011) The Theory of Large-Scale Ocean Circulation. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

doi: 10.1017/CBO9780511736605.

Maury, Matthew F. (1855). The Physical Geography of the Seas and Its Meteorology.

Stewart, Robert H. (2007). (PDF). College Station: Texas A&M University. OCLC 169907785. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2016-03-29.

Introduction to Physical Oceanography

Wyban, Carol Araki (1992). Tide and Current: Fishponds of Hawaiʻi. Honolulu: University of Hawaiʻi Press.  0-8248-1396-0.

ISBN

Way, John H. . Archived from the original on 2007-03-30. Retrieved 2006-01-10.

"Hypsographic curve"

NASA Oceanography

Ocean Motion and Surface Currents

(digital book)

Ocean World

National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration

University-National Oceanographic Laboratory System

Pacific Disaster Center

Hilo, Hawaii

Pacific Tsunami Museum

(journal)

Science of Tsunami Hazards

academic software for oceanography

NEMO

History of Salinity Determination

[1]

[category; physicist of the lunar