Demographics of China
China is the second most populous country in Asia as well as the second most populous country in the world, with a population of approximately 1.4 billion.
This article is about the demographics of the People's Republic of China. For the demographics of the Republic of China (Taiwan), see Demographics of Taiwan.Demographics of China
1,409,670,000 (2023 est.)
−0.15% (2023 est.) (159th)
6.39 births per 1,000 (2023 est.)
7.87 deaths per 1,000 (2023 est.)
78.6 years (2022)
76.0 years (2022)
81.3 years (2022)
1.00 children per woman (2023 est.)
6.76 deaths per 1000 live births (2022)[1]
16.48% (male 124,166,174/female 108,729,429)
69.4% (male 504,637,819/female 476,146,909)
14.11% (male 92,426,805/female 107,035,710) (2023 est.)[2]
1.11 male to female (2020 est.)
0.90 male to female (2020 est.)
noun: Chinese adjective: Chinese
Zhuang, Manchu, Hui, Miao, Uyghurs, Yi, Tujia, Mongols, Tibetan, Bouyei, Dong, Yao, Korean, Bai, Hani, Li, Kazakh, Dai, She, Lisu, Gelao, Lahu, Dongxiang, Va, Sui, Nakhi, Qiang, Tu, Xibe, Mulao, Kyrgyz, Daur, Jingpo, Salar, Blang, Maonan, Tajik, Pumi, Achang, Nu, Ewenki, Gin, Jino, De'ang, Uzbeks, Russian, Yugur, Bonan, Monba, Oroqen, Derung, Tatars, Hezhen, Lhoba
Various; See Languages of China
China has an enormous population with a relatively small youth component, partially a result of China's one-child policy that was implemented from 1979 until 2015. As of 2022, Chinese state media reported the country's total fertility rate to be 1.09.[3]
China was the world's most populous country from at least 1950[4] until being surpassed by India by 2023.[5][6]
By one estimate, in 2023 China's population stood at 1.409 billion, down from the 1.412 billion recorded in the 2020 census.[7]
By another, the population was likely 1.28 billion in 2020 and had been surpassed by India some years earlier.[8]
According to the 2020 census, 91.11% of the population was Han Chinese, and 8.89% were minorities. China's population growth rate is −0.15%, ranking 159th in the world.
China conducted its sixth national population census in 2010,[9][10] and its seventh census was completed in late 2020, with data released in May 2021.[11]
China population pyramid as of 1st National Census day on June 30, 1953
China population pyramid as of 2nd National Census day on July 1, 1964
China population pyramid as of 3rd National Census day on July 1, 1982
China population pyramid as of 4th National Census day on July 1, 1990
China population pyramid as of 5th National Census day on November 1, 2000
China population pyramid as of 6th National Census day on November 1, 2010
China population pyramid as of 7th National Census day on November 1, 2020
China population pyramid as projected of 8th National Census day on November 1, 2030, in scenario of constant TFR at 2021 level and continued improvements in mortality
The following demographic statistics are from the CIA World Factbook, unless otherwise indicated.[86]
No statistics have been included for areas currently governed by the Republic of China (Taiwan). Unless stated otherwise, statistics refer only to mainland China. (See Demographics of Hong Kong and Demographics of Macau.)
See Infant mortality in China
note: data do not include Hong Kong and Macau
Sources:[87][88][89][90]