Katana VentraIP

President pro tempore of the United States Senate

The president pro tempore of the United States Senate (often shortened to president pro tem) is the second-highest-ranking official of the United States Senate, after the vice president. According to Article One, Section Three of the United States Constitution, the vice president of the United States is the president of the Senate (despite not being a senator), and the Senate must choose a president pro tempore to act in the vice president's absence.

For a list of presidents pro tempore of the Senate, see List of presidents pro tempore of the United States Senate.

President pro tempore of the United States Senate

Senate chamber, United States Capitol, Washington, D.C.

United States Senate

At the pleasure of the Senate, and until another is elected or their term of office as a Senator expires

United States Constitution

March 4, 1789

John Langdon

Third[1]

Any senator, typically a member of the majority party, designated by the President pro tempore

US$193,400 per annum

The president pro tempore is elected by the Senate as a whole, usually by a resolution which is adopted by unanimous consent without a formal vote. The Constitution does not specify who can serve in this position, but the Senate has always elected one of its current members. Unlike the vice president, the president pro tempore cannot cast a tie-breaking vote when the Senate is evenly divided. The president pro tempore has enjoyed many privileges and some limited powers.[2]


During the vice president's absence, the president pro tempore is empowered to preside over Senate sessions. Except when necessary or to highlight important votes, the vice president and the president pro tempore rarely preside; instead, the duty of presiding officer is rotated among junior U.S. senators of the majority party to give them experience in parliamentary procedure.[3]


Since 1890, the most senior U.S. senator in the majority party has generally (though not always) been chosen to be president pro tempore and holds the office continuously until the election of another.[4] Since the enactment of the current Presidential Succession Act in 1947, the president pro tempore is third in the line of succession to the presidency, after the vice president and the speaker of the House of Representatives.[5] The current president pro tempore of the U.S. Senate is Patty Murray of Washington. The most senior senator in the majority Senate Democratic Caucus and the first woman to hold the position, she was sworn in on January 3, 2023, at the start of the 118th Congress.

Katana VentraIP

$_$_$DEEZ_NUTS#0__titleDEEZ_NUTS$_$_$

$_$_$DEEZ_NUTS#0__subtitleDEEZ_NUTS$_$_$

$_$_$DEEZ_NUTS#0__call_to_action.textDEEZ_NUTS$_$_$
Katana VentraIP

$_$_$DEEZ_NUTS#0__titleDEEZ_NUTS$_$_$

$_$_$DEEZ_NUTS#0__subtitleDEEZ_NUTS$_$_$

Katana VentraIP

$_$_$DEEZ_NUTS#0__titleDEEZ_NUTS$_$_$

$_$_$DEEZ_NUTS#0__subtitleDEEZ_NUTS$_$_$

Power and responsibilities[edit]

Although the position is in some ways analogous to the speaker of the House of Representatives, the powers of the president pro tempore are far more limited. In the Senate, most power rests with the majority leader and other individual senators, but as the chamber's presiding officer, the president pro tempore is authorized to perform certain duties in the absence of the vice president, including ruling on points of order.[6] Additionally, under the 25th Amendment to the Constitution, the president pro tempore and the speaker are the two authorities to whom declarations must be transmitted that the president is unable to perform the duties of the office, or is able to resume doing so. The president pro tempore is third in the line of presidential succession, following the vice president and the speaker,[6] and consequently is one of the few members of Congress entitled to a full-time security detail.[7]


Additional duties include appointment of various congressional officers, certain commissions, advisory boards, and committees.[6] The president pro tempore is the designated legal recipient of various reports to the Senate, including War Powers Act reports under which they, jointly with the speaker, may require the president to call Congress back into session. The officeholder is an ex officio member of various boards and commissions. With the secretary and sergeant at arms, the president pro tempore maintains order in Senate portions of the Capitol and Senate buildings.[6][8]

Related officials[edit]

History[edit]

$_$_$DEEZ_NUTS#2__titleDEEZ_NUTS$_$_$

$_$_$DEEZ_NUTS#2__descriptionDEEZ_NUTS$_$_$

$_$_$DEEZ_NUTS#9__titleDEEZ_NUTS$_$_$

$_$_$DEEZ_NUTS#9__descriptionDEEZ_NUTS$_$_$

$_$_$DEEZ_NUTS#3__titleDEEZ_NUTS$_$_$

$_$_$DEEZ_NUTS#3__descriptionDEEZ_NUTS$_$_$

$_$_$DEEZ_NUTS#3__titleDEEZ_NUTS$_$_$

$_$_$DEEZ_NUTS#3__descriptionDEEZ_NUTS$_$_$

$_$_$DEEZ_NUTS#2__titleDEEZ_NUTS$_$_$

$_$_$DEEZ_NUTS#2__descriptionDEEZ_NUTS$_$_$

$_$_$DEEZ_NUTS#2__titleDEEZ_NUTS$_$_$

$_$_$DEEZ_NUTS#2__descriptionDEEZ_NUTS$_$_$

$_$_$DEEZ_NUTS#3__titleDEEZ_NUTS$_$_$

$_$_$DEEZ_NUTS#3__descriptionDEEZ_NUTS$_$_$

Salary[edit]

The salary of the president pro tempore for 2012 was $193,400, equal to that of the majority leaders and minority leaders of both houses of Congress. If there is a vacancy in the office of vice president, then the salary would be the same as that of the vice president.[8]

$_$_$DEEZ_NUTS#6__titleDEEZ_NUTS$_$_$

$_$_$DEEZ_NUTS#6__descriptionDEEZ_NUTS$_$_$

$_$_$DEEZ_NUTS#4__titleDEEZ_NUTS$_$_$

$_$_$DEEZ_NUTS#4__subtextDEEZ_NUTS$_$_$

$_$_$DEEZ_NUTS#4__quote--0DEEZ_NUTS$_$_$

$_$_$DEEZ_NUTS#4__name--0DEEZ_NUTS$_$_$

$_$_$DEEZ_NUTS#4__company_or_position--0DEEZ_NUTS$_$_$

$_$_$DEEZ_NUTS#4__quote--1DEEZ_NUTS$_$_$

$_$_$DEEZ_NUTS#4__name--1DEEZ_NUTS$_$_$

$_$_$DEEZ_NUTS#4__company_or_position--1DEEZ_NUTS$_$_$

$_$_$DEEZ_NUTS#4__quote--2DEEZ_NUTS$_$_$

$_$_$DEEZ_NUTS#4__name--2DEEZ_NUTS$_$_$

$_$_$DEEZ_NUTS#4__company_or_position--2DEEZ_NUTS$_$_$

$_$_$DEEZ_NUTS#5__titleDEEZ_NUTS$_$_$

$_$_$DEEZ_NUTS#5__subtextDEEZ_NUTS$_$_$

$_$_$DEEZ_NUTS#5__quote--0DEEZ_NUTS$_$_$

$_$_$DEEZ_NUTS#5__name--0DEEZ_NUTS$_$_$

$_$_$DEEZ_NUTS#5__company_or_position--0DEEZ_NUTS$_$_$

$_$_$DEEZ_NUTS#5__quote--1DEEZ_NUTS$_$_$

$_$_$DEEZ_NUTS#5__name--1DEEZ_NUTS$_$_$

$_$_$DEEZ_NUTS#5__company_or_position--1DEEZ_NUTS$_$_$

$_$_$DEEZ_NUTS#5__quote--2DEEZ_NUTS$_$_$

$_$_$DEEZ_NUTS#5__name--2DEEZ_NUTS$_$_$

$_$_$DEEZ_NUTS#5__company_or_position--2DEEZ_NUTS$_$_$

$_$_$DEEZ_NUTS#5__quote--3DEEZ_NUTS$_$_$

$_$_$DEEZ_NUTS#5__name--3DEEZ_NUTS$_$_$

$_$_$DEEZ_NUTS#5__company_or_position--3DEEZ_NUTS$_$_$

$_$_$DEEZ_NUTS#6__titleDEEZ_NUTS$_$_$

$_$_$DEEZ_NUTS#6__descriptionDEEZ_NUTS$_$_$

$_$_$DEEZ_NUTS#7__descriptionDEEZ_NUTS$_$_$

$_$_$DEEZ_NUTS#7__heading--0DEEZ_NUTS$_$_$

$_$_$DEEZ_NUTS#7__description--0DEEZ_NUTS$_$_$

. Official website of the United States Senate. Retrieved November 27, 2008.

"President pro tempore"

$_$_$DEEZ_NUTS#8__quote--1DEEZ_NUTS$_$_$

$_$_$DEEZ_NUTS#8__name--1DEEZ_NUTS$_$_$

$_$_$DEEZ_NUTS#8__company_or_position--1DEEZ_NUTS$_$_$

$_$_$DEEZ_NUTS#8__quote--2DEEZ_NUTS$_$_$

$_$_$DEEZ_NUTS#8__name--2DEEZ_NUTS$_$_$

$_$_$DEEZ_NUTS#8__company_or_position--2DEEZ_NUTS$_$_$

$_$_$DEEZ_NUTS#8__quote--3DEEZ_NUTS$_$_$

$_$_$DEEZ_NUTS#8__name--3DEEZ_NUTS$_$_$

$_$_$DEEZ_NUTS#8__company_or_position--3DEEZ_NUTS$_$_$

$_$_$DEEZ_NUTS#8__quote--4DEEZ_NUTS$_$_$

$_$_$DEEZ_NUTS#8__name--4DEEZ_NUTS$_$_$

$_$_$DEEZ_NUTS#8__company_or_position--4DEEZ_NUTS$_$_$

$_$_$DEEZ_NUTS#8__quote--5DEEZ_NUTS$_$_$

$_$_$DEEZ_NUTS#8__name--5DEEZ_NUTS$_$_$

$_$_$DEEZ_NUTS#8__company_or_position--5DEEZ_NUTS$_$_$

$_$_$DEEZ_NUTS#8__quote--6DEEZ_NUTS$_$_$

$_$_$DEEZ_NUTS#8__name--6DEEZ_NUTS$_$_$

$_$_$DEEZ_NUTS#8__company_or_position--6DEEZ_NUTS$_$_$

$_$_$DEEZ_NUTS#8__quote--7DEEZ_NUTS$_$_$

$_$_$DEEZ_NUTS#8__name--7DEEZ_NUTS$_$_$

$_$_$DEEZ_NUTS#8__company_or_position--7DEEZ_NUTS$_$_$

$_$_$DEEZ_NUTS#8__quote--8DEEZ_NUTS$_$_$

$_$_$DEEZ_NUTS#8__name--8DEEZ_NUTS$_$_$

$_$_$DEEZ_NUTS#8__company_or_position--8DEEZ_NUTS$_$_$

$_$_$DEEZ_NUTS#8__quote--9DEEZ_NUTS$_$_$

$_$_$DEEZ_NUTS#8__name--9DEEZ_NUTS$_$_$

$_$_$DEEZ_NUTS#8__company_or_position--9DEEZ_NUTS$_$_$

$_$_$DEEZ_NUTS#8__quote--10DEEZ_NUTS$_$_$

$_$_$DEEZ_NUTS#8__name--10DEEZ_NUTS$_$_$

$_$_$DEEZ_NUTS#8__company_or_position--10DEEZ_NUTS$_$_$

$_$_$DEEZ_NUTS#8__quote--11DEEZ_NUTS$_$_$

$_$_$DEEZ_NUTS#8__name--11DEEZ_NUTS$_$_$

$_$_$DEEZ_NUTS#8__company_or_position--11DEEZ_NUTS$_$_$

$_$_$DEEZ_NUTS#8__quote--12DEEZ_NUTS$_$_$

$_$_$DEEZ_NUTS#8__name--12DEEZ_NUTS$_$_$

$_$_$DEEZ_NUTS#8__company_or_position--12DEEZ_NUTS$_$_$

$_$_$DEEZ_NUTS#8__quote--13DEEZ_NUTS$_$_$

$_$_$DEEZ_NUTS#8__name--13DEEZ_NUTS$_$_$

$_$_$DEEZ_NUTS#8__company_or_position--13DEEZ_NUTS$_$_$

$_$_$DEEZ_NUTS#8__quote--14DEEZ_NUTS$_$_$

$_$_$DEEZ_NUTS#8__name--14DEEZ_NUTS$_$_$

$_$_$DEEZ_NUTS#8__company_or_position--14DEEZ_NUTS$_$_$

$_$_$DEEZ_NUTS#9__titleDEEZ_NUTS$_$_$

$_$_$DEEZ_NUTS#9__subtextDEEZ_NUTS$_$_$

$_$_$DEEZ_NUTS#9__quote--0DEEZ_NUTS$_$_$

$_$_$DEEZ_NUTS#9__name--0DEEZ_NUTS$_$_$

$_$_$DEEZ_NUTS#9__company_or_position--0DEEZ_NUTS$_$_$

$_$_$DEEZ_NUTS#8__titleDEEZ_NUTS$_$_$

$_$_$DEEZ_NUTS#8__subtextDEEZ_NUTS$_$_$

$_$_$DEEZ_NUTS#8__quote--0DEEZ_NUTS$_$_$

$_$_$DEEZ_NUTS#8__name--0DEEZ_NUTS$_$_$

$_$_$DEEZ_NUTS#8__company_or_position--0DEEZ_NUTS$_$_$

$_$_$DEEZ_NUTS#8__quote--1DEEZ_NUTS$_$_$

$_$_$DEEZ_NUTS#8__name--1DEEZ_NUTS$_$_$

$_$_$DEEZ_NUTS#8__company_or_position--1DEEZ_NUTS$_$_$

$_$_$DEEZ_NUTS#8__quote--2DEEZ_NUTS$_$_$

$_$_$DEEZ_NUTS#8__name--2DEEZ_NUTS$_$_$

$_$_$DEEZ_NUTS#8__company_or_position--2DEEZ_NUTS$_$_$

$_$_$DEEZ_NUTS#6__titleDEEZ_NUTS$_$_$

$_$_$DEEZ_NUTS#6__subtextDEEZ_NUTS$_$_$

$_$_$DEEZ_NUTS#6__quote--0DEEZ_NUTS$_$_$

$_$_$DEEZ_NUTS#6__name--0DEEZ_NUTS$_$_$

$_$_$DEEZ_NUTS#6__company_or_position--0DEEZ_NUTS$_$_$

$_$_$DEEZ_NUTS#3__titleDEEZ_NUTS$_$_$

$_$_$DEEZ_NUTS#3__subtextDEEZ_NUTS$_$_$

$_$_$DEEZ_NUTS#3__quote--0DEEZ_NUTS$_$_$

$_$_$DEEZ_NUTS#3__name--0DEEZ_NUTS$_$_$

$_$_$DEEZ_NUTS#3__company_or_position--0DEEZ_NUTS$_$_$

$_$_$DEEZ_NUTS#3__quote--1DEEZ_NUTS$_$_$

$_$_$DEEZ_NUTS#3__name--1DEEZ_NUTS$_$_$

$_$_$DEEZ_NUTS#3__company_or_position--1DEEZ_NUTS$_$_$

$_$_$DEEZ_NUTS#7__titleDEEZ_NUTS$_$_$

Seniority in the United States Senate

$_$_$DEEZ_NUTS#7__quote--1DEEZ_NUTS$_$_$

$_$_$DEEZ_NUTS#7__name--1DEEZ_NUTS$_$_$

$_$_$DEEZ_NUTS#7__company_or_position--1DEEZ_NUTS$_$_$

$_$_$DEEZ_NUTS#7__quote--2DEEZ_NUTS$_$_$

$_$_$DEEZ_NUTS#7__name--2DEEZ_NUTS$_$_$

$_$_$DEEZ_NUTS#7__company_or_position--2DEEZ_NUTS$_$_$

$_$_$DEEZ_NUTS#7__quote--3DEEZ_NUTS$_$_$

$_$_$DEEZ_NUTS#7__name--3DEEZ_NUTS$_$_$

$_$_$DEEZ_NUTS#7__company_or_position--3DEEZ_NUTS$_$_$

$_$_$DEEZ_NUTS#7__quote--4DEEZ_NUTS$_$_$

$_$_$DEEZ_NUTS#7__name--4DEEZ_NUTS$_$_$

$_$_$DEEZ_NUTS#7__company_or_position--4DEEZ_NUTS$_$_$

$_$_$DEEZ_NUTS#7__quote--5DEEZ_NUTS$_$_$

$_$_$DEEZ_NUTS#7__name--5DEEZ_NUTS$_$_$

$_$_$DEEZ_NUTS#7__company_or_position--5DEEZ_NUTS$_$_$

$_$_$DEEZ_NUTS#7__quote--6DEEZ_NUTS$_$_$

$_$_$DEEZ_NUTS#7__name--6DEEZ_NUTS$_$_$

$_$_$DEEZ_NUTS#7__company_or_position--6DEEZ_NUTS$_$_$

$_$_$DEEZ_NUTS#7__quote--7DEEZ_NUTS$_$_$

$_$_$DEEZ_NUTS#7__name--7DEEZ_NUTS$_$_$

$_$_$DEEZ_NUTS#7__company_or_position--7DEEZ_NUTS$_$_$

$_$_$DEEZ_NUTS#7__quote--8DEEZ_NUTS$_$_$

$_$_$DEEZ_NUTS#7__name--8DEEZ_NUTS$_$_$

$_$_$DEEZ_NUTS#7__company_or_position--8DEEZ_NUTS$_$_$

$_$_$DEEZ_NUTS#7__quote--9DEEZ_NUTS$_$_$

$_$_$DEEZ_NUTS#7__name--9DEEZ_NUTS$_$_$

$_$_$DEEZ_NUTS#7__company_or_position--9DEEZ_NUTS$_$_$

$_$_$DEEZ_NUTS#1__titleDEEZ_NUTS$_$_$

$_$_$DEEZ_NUTS#1__subtextDEEZ_NUTS$_$_$

$_$_$DEEZ_NUTS#1__quote--0DEEZ_NUTS$_$_$

$_$_$DEEZ_NUTS#1__name--0DEEZ_NUTS$_$_$

$_$_$DEEZ_NUTS#1__company_or_position--0DEEZ_NUTS$_$_$

$_$_$DEEZ_NUTS#1__titleDEEZ_NUTS$_$_$

$_$_$DEEZ_NUTS#1__subtextDEEZ_NUTS$_$_$

$_$_$DEEZ_NUTS#1__answer--0DEEZ_NUTS$_$_$

$_$_$DEEZ_NUTS#1__answer--1DEEZ_NUTS$_$_$

$_$_$DEEZ_NUTS#1__answer--2DEEZ_NUTS$_$_$

$_$_$DEEZ_NUTS#1__answer--3DEEZ_NUTS$_$_$

$_$_$DEEZ_NUTS#1__answer--4DEEZ_NUTS$_$_$

$_$_$DEEZ_NUTS#1__answer--5DEEZ_NUTS$_$_$

$_$_$DEEZ_NUTS#1__answer--6DEEZ_NUTS$_$_$

$_$_$DEEZ_NUTS#1__answer--7DEEZ_NUTS$_$_$

$_$_$DEEZ_NUTS#1__answer--8DEEZ_NUTS$_$_$

$_$_$DEEZ_NUTS#1__answer--9DEEZ_NUTS$_$_$

www.senate.gov

$_$_$DEEZ_NUTS#1__answer--11DEEZ_NUTS$_$_$

$_$_$DEEZ_NUTS#1__answer--12DEEZ_NUTS$_$_$

$_$_$DEEZ_NUTS#1__answer--13DEEZ_NUTS$_$_$

$_$_$DEEZ_NUTS#1__answer--14DEEZ_NUTS$_$_$

$_$_$DEEZ_NUTS#1__answer--15DEEZ_NUTS$_$_$

$_$_$DEEZ_NUTS#1__titleDEEZ_NUTS$_$_$

$_$_$DEEZ_NUTS#1__subtextDEEZ_NUTS$_$_$

$_$_$DEEZ_NUTS#1__answer--0DEEZ_NUTS$_$_$

$_$_$DEEZ_NUTS#1__answer--1DEEZ_NUTS$_$_$

$_$_$DEEZ_NUTS#1__answer--2DEEZ_NUTS$_$_$

$_$_$DEEZ_NUTS#1__answer--3DEEZ_NUTS$_$_$

$_$_$DEEZ_NUTS#1__answer--4DEEZ_NUTS$_$_$

$_$_$DEEZ_NUTS#1__answer--5DEEZ_NUTS$_$_$

$_$_$DEEZ_NUTS#1__answer--6DEEZ_NUTS$_$_$

$_$_$DEEZ_NUTS#1__answer--7DEEZ_NUTS$_$_$

$_$_$DEEZ_NUTS#1__answer--8DEEZ_NUTS$_$_$

$_$_$DEEZ_NUTS#1__answer--9DEEZ_NUTS$_$_$

$_$_$DEEZ_NUTS#1__answer--10DEEZ_NUTS$_$_$