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Russian nationalism

Russian nationalism (Russian: Русский национализм) is a form of nationalism that promotes Russian cultural identity and unity. Russian nationalism first rose to prominence as a Pan-Slavic enterprise during the 19th century Russian Empire, and was repressed during the early Bolshevik rule. Russian nationalism was briefly revived through the policies of Joseph Stalin during and after the Second World War, which shared many resemblances with the worldview of early Eurasianist ideologues.[1]

Following the collapse of Soviet Union, Russian nationalism has been associated with Eurasianism, re-invigorated through the Eurasia Movement of Russian philosopher Aleksandr Dugin. Neo-Eurasian socio-political programme has gained widespread acceptance in Putinist Russia; with Dugin's books, treatises and lectures being advocated through universities, schools, military institutes, police academies and other governmental organizations as part of Putin government's embrace of authoritarianism and condemnation of liberal democracy.[2][3]


The definition of Russian national identity within Russian nationalism has been characterized in different ways. In ethnic terms one including asserting that those identified as ethnic Russians are the Russian nation, another is the All-Russian nation concept developed in the Russian Empire that views Russians as having three sub-national groups within it including Great Russians (those commonly identified as ethnic Russians today), Little Russians (Ukrainians), and White Russians (Belarusians). Russian nationalists have identified Russia as the main successor of the Kievan Rus' and typically view the arising of separate national identities of Belarusians and Ukrainians as having broken away from Russian national identity. In the Eurasianist perspective, Russia is distinctive civilization separate from both Europe and Asia, and includes ethnic non-Russians of Turkic and Asiatic cultures.

 – Orthodox Christianity and the protection of the Russian Orthodox Church.

Orthodoxy

 – unconditional loyalty to the House of Romanov in return for paternalist protection for all social estates.

Autocracy

Nationality (, has also been translated as national spirit).[5]

Narodnost

early 20th century (Defunct)

Black Hundreds

(Defunct)

Mladorossi

(Defunct)

Union of the Russian People

(Defunct)

Russian Fascist Party

Movement Against Illegal Immigration

All-Russian nation

Moscow, third Rome

Eurasianism

Putinism

Russian Fascist Organization

Russian Fascist Party

Russia for Russians

Russian imperialism

Russian irredentism

Russian world

Russification

Russophilia

Afzal, Amina. . Strategic Studies 27, no. 4 (2007): 53–65.

Resurgence of Russian Nationalism

Aitamurto, Kaarina. Paganism, Traditionalism, Nationalism: Narratives of Russian Rodnoverie. London : Routledge, 2016.

Blanc, Eric. Revolutionary Social Democracy: Working-Class Politics Across the Russian Empire. Haymarket Books, 2022.

Bojanowska, Edyta M. Nikolai Gogol: Between Ukrainian and Russian Nationalism. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 2007.

Bojcun, Marko. The Workers Movement and the National Question in Ukraine 1897-1918. Leiden : Brill, 2021.

Brudny, Yitzhak M. Reinventing Russia: Russian Nationalism and the Soviet State, 1953–1991. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1999

Cosgrove, S. (2004). Russian Nationalism and the Politics of Soviet Literature: The Case of Nash Sovremennik, 1981–1991. New York: Palgrave Macmillan.

Druzhnikov, Yuri. Prisoner of Russia: Alexander Pushkin and the Political Uses of Nationalism. New Brunswick: Routledge, 1999.

Duncan, Peter J. S. (March 2005). "". The Historical Journal. 48(1): 277–294.

Contemporary Russian Identity between East and West

Dunlop, J. B., The Faces of Contemporary Russian Nationalism. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1983.

Dunlop, J. B., The New Russian Nationalism, Praeger, 1985* Ely, Christopher, Jonathan Smele, and Michael Melancon. Russian Populism: A History. New York: Bloomsbury Academic, 2022.

Frolova-Walker, Marina. Russian Music and Nationalism: From Glinka to Stalin. New Haven: Yale University Press, 2008.

Helmers, Rutger. Not Russian Enough?: Nationalism and Cosmopolitanism in Nineteenth-Century Russian Opera. Rochester: University of Rochester Press, 2014.

Hillis, Faith. Children of Rus’: Right-Bank Ukraine and the Invention of a Russian Nation. Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 2013.

Horvath, Robert. Putin’s Fascists: Russkii Obraz and the Politics of Managed Nationalism in Russia. New York: Routledge, 2020.

Kolstø, Pål, and Helge Blakkisrud, eds. . Edinburgh University Press, 2016.

The New Russian Nationalism: Imperialism, Ethnicity and Authoritarianism 2000–2015

Laqueur, Walter. . Foreign Affairs 71, no. 5 (1992): 103–16.

Russian Nationalism

Laruelle, Marlène. Russian Eurasianism: An Ideology of Empire. Washington, D.C.: Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 2008.

Laruelle, Marlene. Russian Nationalism: Imaginaries, Doctrines, and Political Battlefields. London: Routledge, 2018.

Motyl, Alexander J. (2001). Encyclopedia of Nationalism, Volume II. Academic Press. ISBN 0-12-227230-7.

Pipes, Richard. The Formation of the Soviet Union: Communism and Nationalism, 1917-1923. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1964.

Plokhy, Serhii. Lost Kingdom: The Quest for Empire and the Making of the Russian Nation. New York: Basic Books, 2017.

Riasanovsky, Nicholas V. Nicholas I and Official Nationality in Russia 1825–1855. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1959.

Shenfield, Stephen D. Russian Fascism: Traditions, Tendencies, Movements. London: Routledge, 2000.* Sablin, Ivan. The Rise and Fall of Russia’s Far Eastern Republic, 1905–1922: Nationalisms, Imperialisms, and Regionalisms in and after the Russian Empire. London: Routledge, 2018.

Simon, Gerhard. Nationalism and Policy Toward the Nationalities in the Soviet Union: From Totalitarian Dictatorship to Post-Stalinist Society. Translated by Karen Forster and Oswald Forster. London: Routledge, 2019.

Sinyavsky, Andrey, and Dale E. Peterson. . The Massachusetts Review 31, no. 4 (1990): 475–94.

Russian Nationalism

Strickland, John. The Making of Holy Russia: The Orthodox Church and Russian Nationalism Before the Revolution. Jordanville: The Printshop of St Job of Pochaev, 2013.

Tuminez, Astrid S. Russian Nationalism since 1856: Ideology and the Making of Foreign Policy Lanham: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, 2000.

Verkhovsky, Alexander (December 2000). "". Nationalities Papers. 28(4): 707–722.

Ultra-nationalists in Russia at the onset of Putin's rule

Wegren, Stephen K. Putin’s Russia. Eighth edition. Lanham: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, 2022.

Wegren, Stephen K. Putin’s Russia: Past Imperfect, Future Uncertain. Seventh edition. Lanham: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, 2018.

Archived 2008-04-10 at the Wayback Machine, SOVA Center, an independent authority that produces reports and daily updates on the rise of nationalism and xenophobia in the Russian Federation

Nationalism and xenophobia in Russia

Infoshop News

Ultra-nationalist, fascist and neo-Nazi movements in Russia

(or this link)

Western Perceptions of Russian Nationalism

([1])

Russian Nationalism and Putin's Russia

On menace of nationalism in Russia. "Yabloko" Party view (in Russian)

Vladislav Kelle. Nationalism and the future of Russia (in Russian)

Jane's Intelligence Review, 5 September 2006

Racial violence escalates in Russia

Radical national socialist organization

National Socialist Society

– an organization of "Russian radical nationalists" (in Russian)

Nordrus

by Andrey Kolesnikov

"Velvet" Fascism. Ultra-nationalist ideas are popular among the literary mainstream and political saloons

Russian Fascism and Russian Fascists by Kirill Buketov

Radical nationalism in Russia and efforts to counteract it in 2006