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Theodora (wife of Justinian I)

Theodora (/ˌθəˈdɔːrə/; Greek: Θεοδώρα; c. 490 – 28 June 548)[1] was a Byzantine empress and wife of emperor Justinian. She was from humble origins and became empress when her husband became emperor in 527. She was one of his chief advisers. Theodora is a saint in the Eastern Orthodox Church and the Oriental Orthodox Church, commemorated on 28 June.

For other uses, see Theodora.

Theodora

1 April 527 – 28 June 548

c. 490

28 June 548 (aged 58)
Constantinople, Byzantine Empire

14 November in the Eastern Orthodox Church, 28 June in the Syriac Orthodox Church

Imperial Vestment

Death[edit]

Theodora's death is recorded by Victor of Tonnena, with the cause uncertain; however, the Greek terms used are often translated as "cancer". Victor notes the death date was 28 June 548 and her age as 48, although other sources report that she died at 51.[46][47] Later accounts attribute the death to breast cancer but this was not identified in the original report, where the use of the term "cancer" probably referred to a more general "suppurating ulcer or malignant tumor".[47] She was buried in the Church of the Holy Apostles in Constantinople. During a procession in 559, Justinian visited and lit candles for her tomb.[48]

The 1932–1934 artwork [65][66] and the 1979 artwork The Dinner Party both feature a plate or place setting for Theodora.[67]

Famous Women Dinner Service

Hans-Georg Beck: Kaiserin Theodora und Prokop: der Historiker und sein Opfer. Munich 1986,  3-492-05221-5.

ISBN

Henning Börm: Procopius, his predecessors, and the genesis of the Anecdota: Antimonarchic discourse in late antique historiography. In: Henning Börm (ed.): Antimonarchic discourse in Antiquity. Stuttgart 2015, pp. 305–346.

(1911). "Theodora" . In Chisholm, Hugh (ed.). Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 26 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 761–762.

Bryce, James

James A. S. Evans: The empress Theodora. Partner of Justinian. Austin 2002.

James A. S. Evans: The Power Game in Byzantium. Antonina and the Empress Theodora. London 2011.

Lynda Garland: Byzantine Empresses: Women and Power in Byzantium, AD 527–1204. London 1999.

Hartmut Leppin: Theodora und Iustinian. In: (ed.): Die Kaiserinnen Roms. Von Livia bis Theodora. Munich 2002, pp. 437–481.

Hildegard Temporini-Gräfin Vitzthum

Mischa Meier: "Zur Funktion der Theodora-Rede im Geschichtswerk Prokops (BP 1,24,33-37)", Rheinisches Museum für Philologie 147 (2004), pp. 88ff.

David Potter: Theodora. Actress, Empress, Saint. Oxford 2015,  978-0-19-974076-5.

ISBN

Karagianni, Alexandra (2013). "Female Monarchs in the Medieval Byzantine Court: Prejudice, Disbelief, and Calumnies". In Woodacre, Elena (ed.). Queenship in the Mediterranean: Negotiating the Role of the Queen in the Medieval and Early Modern Eras. New York: Palgrave Macmillan. p. 22.  978-1-137-36282-7.

ISBN

Procopius, The Secret History at the Internet Medieval Sourcebook

Procopius, The Secret History at LacusCurtius

World History Encyclopedia – Empress Theodora

Gibbons' The History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire: The Fall of the Roman Empire in the East

Discussion of mosaics by and Bettany Hughes: Art Detective Podcast, 21 December 2016

Janina Ramirez