Title 18 of the United States Code
Title 18 of the United States Code is the main criminal code of the federal government of the United States.[1] The Title deals with federal crimes and criminal procedure. In its coverage, Title 18 is similar to most U.S. state criminal codes, which typically are referred to by names such as Penal Code, Criminal Code, or Crimes Code.[2] Typical of state criminal codes is the California Penal Code.[3] Many U.S. state criminal codes, unlike the federal Title 18, are based on the Model Penal Code promulgated by the American Law Institute.
Title 18 consists of five parts. Four of these, Parts I through IV, concern crimes, criminal procedure, prisons and prisoners, and juvenile delinquency, respectively, and were included in the original title when it was enacted in 1948. The fifth part, concerning witness immunity, was not included in the original title but was added in 1970.
which classified offenses as felonies and misdemeanors, has been repealed per Public Law 98-473, title II, Section 218(a)(1), as of October 12, 1984. 98 Stat. 2027.
Section 1
last amended in 2001, defines "special maritime and territorial jurisdiction of the United States".
Section 7
which has not been amended since 1948, defines "obligation or other security of the United States".
Section 8
which has not been amended since 1948, defines "vessel of the United States".
Section 9
which has not been amended since 1948, defines "interstate commerce" and "foreign commerce".
Section 10
last amended in 1976, defines "foreign government".
Section 11
last amended in 1996, deals with laws of states adopted for areas within federal jurisdiction.
Section 13
has been repealed per Public Law 107-273, division B, title IV, section 4004(a), as of November 2, 2002. 116 Stat. 1812.
Section 14
added in 1958, defines "obligation or other security of foreign government".
Section 15
last amended in 1986, deals with the insanity defense, defining it as "an affirmative defense to a prosecution under any Federal statute that, at the time of the commission of the acts constituting the offense, the defendant, as a result of a severe mental disease or defect, was unable to appreciate the nature and quality or the wrongfulness of his acts", that "mental disease or defect does not otherwise constitute a defense", and that "the defendant has the burden of proving the defense of insanity by clear and convincing evidence".
Section 17
last amended in 1988, defines "petty offense".
Section 19
added in 1994, defines "stolen or counterfeit nature of property for certain crimes".
Section 21
last amended in 2010, provides "definitions relating to Federal health care offense".
Section 24
added in 2009, defines "mortgage lending business."
Section 27
§ 3001. Procedure governed by rules; scope, purpose and effect; definition of terms; local rules; forms—(Rule): Refer to Rule 56 of the Federal Rules of Criminal Procedure.
§ 3002. Courts always open—(Rule): Refer to Rule 56 of the Federal Rules of Criminal Procedure.
§ 3003. Calendars—(Rule): Refer to Rule 50 of the Federal Rules of Criminal Procedure.
§ 3004. Decorum in court room—(Rule) Refer to Rule 53 of the Federal Rules of Criminal Procedure.
§ 3005. Counsel and witnesses in capital cases: Last amended in 1994. Provides that whoever is indicted for treason or a capital crime may be defended by a lawyer, and the court before which the defendant is to be tried, or a judge thereof, shall promptly, upon the defendant's request, assign 2 such counsel, of whom at least 1 shall be learned in the law applicable to capital cases, and who shall have free access to the accused at all reasonable hours. The court must consider the recommendation of the Federal Public Defender organization, or, if no such organization exists in the district, of the Administrative Office of the United States Courts. Additionally, the defendant shall be allowed, in his defense, to make any proof that he can produce by lawful witnesses, and shall have the like process of the court to compel his witnesses to appear at his trial, as is usually granted to compel witnesses to appear on behalf of the prosecution.
§ 3006. Assignment of counsel—(Rule): Refer to Rules 5 and 44 of the Federal Rules of Criminal Procedure.
§ 3006A. Adequate representation of defendants: (TBD)
§ 3007. Motions—(Rule): Refer to Rule 12 and Rule 47 of the Federal Rules of Criminal Procedure.
§ 3008. Service and filing of papers—(Rule) Refer to Rule 49 of the Federal Rules of Criminal Procedure.
§ 3009. Records—(Rule) Refer to Rule 55 of the Federal Rules of Criminal Procedure.
§ 3010. Exceptions unnecessary—(Rule): Refer to Rule 51 of the Federal Rules of Criminal Procedure.
§ 3011. Computation of time—(Rule) Refer to Rule 45 of the Federal Rules of Criminal Procedure.
§ 3012. Repealed. Pub. L. 98–473, title II, § 218(a)(2), Oct. 12, 1984, 98 Stat. 2027. (TBD)
§ 3013. Special assessment on convicted persons
§ 3014. Additional special assessment
§ 4001. Limitation on detention; control of prisons
§ 4002. Federal prisoners in State institutions; employment
§ 4003. Federal institutions in States without appropriate facilities
§ 4004. Oaths and acknowledgments
§ 4005. Medical relief; expenses
§ 4006. Subsistence for prisoners
§ 4007. Expenses of prisoners
§ 4008. Transportation expenses
§ 4009. Appropriations for sites and buildings
§ 4010. Acquisition of additional land
§ 4011. Disposition of cash collections for meals, laundry, etc.
§ 4012. Summary seizure and forfeiture of prison contraband
§ 4013. Support of United States prisoners in non-Federal institutions
§ 4014. Testing for human immunodeficiency virus
§ 5001. Surrender to State authorities; expenses
[§ 5002. Repealed. Pub. L. 104–134, title I, § 101[(a)] [title VI, § 614(a)(1)], Apr. 26, 1996, 110 Stat. 1321, 1321–65; renumbered title I, Pub. L. 104–140, § 1(a), May 2, 1996, 110 Stat. 1327]
§ 5003. Custody of State offenders
Criminal law of the United States
Conspiracy against the United States
via findlaw.com
text of Title 18 Chapter 601 Immunity for witnesses
on the reasoning behind immunity guarantees
witnesses.uslegal.com/immunity
Jan 2008, by Harlan Protass, on Slate.com; retrieved 2011-11-02.