Etymology[edit]

Anthem is derived from the Greek ἀντίφωνα (antíphōna) via Old English antefn. Both words originally referred to antiphons, a call-and-response style of the singing.[2] The adjectival form is "anthemic".

England - "" is usually presumed to be, and often played as, the English regional anthem; but "Jerusalem", "I Vow To Thee, My Country" and "Land of Hope and Glory" are also sung. "Jerusalem" is used as England's anthem at the Commonwealth Games.

God Save the King

Scotland variously uses "", "Auld Lang Syne", and "Scotland the Brave" as its unofficial national anthems. "Flower of Scotland" is used as Scotland's anthem at the Commonwealth Games and international football and rugby matches.

Flower of Scotland

Wales has sung "" since 1856 when it was written by father and son Evan and James James. The music and a Breton translation, "Bro Gozh ma Zadoù", were adopted by Brittany as its anthem; and there is also a Cornish version, "Bro Goth agan Tasow", sung alongside "Trelawney" as an unofficial Cornish anthem. In Wales, "Hen Wlad fy Nhadau" is sometimes accompanied by the hymn, "Guide Me, O thou Great Redeemer" (also referred to as "Bread of Heaven" from repeated words in its first verse), especially at rugby matches.

Hen Wlad Fy Nhadau

Northern Ireland currently uses "God Save the King" as its anthem at international matches and uses "Danny Boy/Londonderry Air" at the Commonwealth Games.

football

Baynes, T. S., ed. (1878), , Encyclopædia Britannica, vol. 2 (9th ed.), New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, p. 102

"Anthem" 

, ed. (1911), "Anthem" , Encyclopædia Britannica, vol. 2 (11th ed.), Cambridge University Press, p. 93

Chisholm, Hugh