Bologna
Bologna (/bəˈloʊnjə/ bə-LOAN-yə, UK also /bəˈlɒnjə/ bə-LON-yə, Italian: [boˈloɲɲa] ⓘ; Emilian: Bulåggna [buˈlʌɲɲa]; Latin: Bononia) is the capital and largest city of the Emilia-Romagna region in Northern Italy. It is the seventh most populous city in Italy, with about 400,000 inhabitants and 150 different nationalities.[5] Its metropolitan area is home to more than 1,000,000 people.[6] It is known as the Fat City for its rich cuisine, and the Red City for its red tiled rooftops and, more recently, its leftist politics. It is also called the Learned City because it is home to the oldest university in the world.[7]
This article is about the city in Italy. For other uses, see Bologna (disambiguation).
Originally Etruscan, the city has been an important urban center for centuries, first under the Etruscans (who called it Felsina), then under the Celts as Bona, later under the Romans (Bonōnia), then again in the Middle Ages, as a free municipality and later signoria, when it was among the largest European cities by population. Famous for its towers, churches and lengthy porticoes, Bologna has a well-preserved historical centre, thanks to a careful restoration and conservation policy which began at the end of the 1970s.[8] Home to the oldest university in continuous operation,[9][10][11][12][13] the University of Bologna, established in AD 1088, the city has a large student population that gives it a cosmopolitan character. In 2000, it was declared European capital of culture[14] and in 2006, a UNESCO "City of Music" and became part of the Creative Cities Network.[15] In 2021, UNESCO recognized the lengthy porticoes of the city as a World Heritage Site.[16][17]
Bologna is an important agricultural, industrial, financial and transport hub, where many large mechanical, electronic and food companies have their headquarters as well as one of the largest permanent trade fairs in Europe. According to recent data gathered by the European Regional Economic Growth Index (E-REGI) of 2009, Bologna is the first Italian city and the 47th European city in terms of its economic growth rate; in 2022, Il Sole 24 Ore named Bologna the best city in Italy for overall quality of life.[18]
(1718–1799), mathematician and humanitarian
Maria Gaetana Agnesi
(1522–1605), naturalist
Ulisse Aldrovandi
(1786–1861), anatomist and parasitologist
Antonio Alessandrini
(c. 1474–1552), painter
Amico Aspertini
(born 1938), director
Pupi Avati
(1891–1985), writer
Riccardo Bacchelli
(1568–1634), composer,
Adriano Banchieri
(1627–1687), architect
Agostino Barelli
chef and restaurateur
Massimiliano Bartoli
(1774–1848), painter and scene designer
Antonio Basoli
(1800–1849), Italian nationalist hero, executed for role in 1848 uprisings
Ugo Bassi
(born 1947), writer
Stefano Benni
(1443–1508), nobleman ruled Bologna as a tyrant from 1463 until 1506.
Giovanni II Bentivoglio
(1915–1979), footballer, credited with the invention of the step over, World Champion 1938. He played only for Bologna F.C.
Amedeo Biavati
(born 1985), professional tennis player
Simone Bolelli
(1664–1734), painter
Giacomo Bolognini
(1526–1572), mathematician
Rafael Bombelli
(1916–1994), actor
Rossano Brazzi
(17th-century), engraver
Floriano Buroni
(1460–1513), Roman Catholic priest, canon regular
Arcangelo Canetoli
(born 1978), director, animator and artist who worked on films like Kung Fu Panda and The Croods
Alessandro Carloni
(born 1962), singer-songwriter
Luca Carboni
(1943–2021), singer
Raffaella Carrà
(born 1914, date of death unknown), footballer
Corrado Casalini
(born 1967), actress
Chiara Caselli
(1413–1463), (Caterina de' Vigri), a poor Claire nun, writer, mystic and artist
Saint Catherine of Bologna
(born 1955), politician
Pier Ferdinando Casini
(1548–1626), mathematician
Pietro Cataldi
rock band
Chronics
(born 1960), football referee
Pierluigi Collina
(born 1964), operatic bass
Carlo Colombara
(born 1976), musician
Alessandro Cortini
(1980), songwriter
Cesare Cremonini
(1671–1749), painter
Donato Creti
(1943–2012), singer-songwriter
Lucio Dalla
(born 1964), actress and singer
Cristina D'Avena
(born 1987), tennis player
Sara Errani
(born 1952), politician
Gianfranco Fini
(c. 1415 – c. 1486), architect
Aristotile Fioravanti
(ca.1450–1517), (Francesco Raibolini), painter
Francesco Francia
(born 1981), footballer
Alessandro Gamberini
(born 1958), actress
Serena Grandi
(1502-1585), (Ugo Boncompagni) Pope 1572–85. He instituted the Gregorian calendar.[139]
Pope Gregory XIII
(1591–1666), (Giovanni Barbieri), painter
Il Guercino
(c. 1050 – at least 1125), jurist
Irnerius
(c. 1322–1333), Dominican novice, Eucharistic mystic and child saint
Blessed Imelda Lambertini
(1950–2018), singer-songwriter
Claudio Lolli
(died 1145) (Gherardo Caccianemici dell'Orso), Pope 1144–5
Pope Lucius II
(1628–1694), physiologist, anatomist and histologist
Marcello Malpighi
(1774–1839), cardinal, linguist and hyperpolyglot
Giuseppe Mezzofanti
(1890–1964), painter
Giorgio Morandi
(born 1944), singer
Gianni Morandi
(1433–1485), Catholic layman, declared Blessed
Ludovico Morbioli
(1851–1940), Catholic priest that was the subject of the Mortara Case during the Risorgimento
Edgardo Mortara
(1926–1985), poet and writer
Nella Nobili
(born 1966), footballer
Gianluca Pagliuca
(1922–1975), writer, poet and director
Pier Paolo Pasolini
(died–1460), Papal diplomat
James Primadicci
(1525) painter
Agostino delle Prospettive
(1884–1946), mathematician
Umberto Puppini
(born 1956), luthier
Roberto Regazzi
(1575–1642), painter
Guido Reni
(1879–1936), composer
Ottorino Respighi
(born 1942), Italian sports administrator
Francesco Ricci Bitti
(1530–1598), equine anatomist
Carlo Ruini
(1905–1990), footballer. He scored the winning goal in extra time in 1934 for Bologna F.C.
Angelo Schiavio
(born 1979), singer
Senhit
(1638–1665), painter
Elisabetta Sirani
(born 1966), skier
Alberto Tomba
(1916–2006), first Italian woman Olympic gold medalist
Ondina Valla
(1939–1995), teacher and educator, founder of Piccolo Coro dell' Antoniano choir
Mariele Ventre
(born 1973), footballer
Christian Vieri
(fl. 1330, d. 1361), painter
Vitale da Bologna
(1911–1926), anarchist who at the age of 15 attempted to assassinate Benito Mussolini
Anteo Zamboni
(born 1966), racing driver
Alex Zanardi
(1801–1878), writer, musician and composer
Marco Aurelio Zani de Ferranti
(born 1995), actress and singer
Matilda De Angelis
Bologna declaration
Bologna metropolitan area
Bologna Process
Bolognese bell ringing
List of tallest buildings in Bologna
Opera Pia Dei Poveri Mendicanti
San Girolamo dell'Arcoveggio
Santa Maria Annunziata di Fossolo
Mancini, Giorgia, and Nicholas Penny, eds. The Sixteenth Century Italian Paintings: Volume III: Ferrara and Bologna (National Gallery Catalogues) (2016).
Rashdall, Hastings. The Universities of Europe in the Middle Ages: Volume 1, Salerno, Bologna, Paris (2010).
Robertson, Anne Walters. Tyranny under the Mantle of St Peter: Pope Paul II and Bologna (2002)