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Charles Whitman Cross

Charles Whitman Cross (September 1, 1854 – April 20, 1949) was an American geologist. He was educated at Amherst College, the University of Göttingen, and Leipzig University. A petrologist, much of his field work concerned rocks in Colorado. He and three other geologists proposed the CIPW norm that is still used in normative mineralogy. He was also active in scientific societies and institutions.

Charles Whitman Cross

(1854-09-01)September 1, 1854

April 20, 1949(1949-04-20) (aged 94)

American

Early life and education[edit]

Cross was born September 1, 1854, in Amherst, Massachusetts,[birth 1] to Maria Mason Cross and the Rev. Moses Kimball Cross.[3] Later his family moved to Waverly, Iowa, where he graduated high school. In 1872 he entered the Scientific Course at Amherst College. After earning a Bachelor of Science degree in 1875, he remained at Amherst doing post-graduate studies in science. He attended the University of Göttingen from 1877 to 1878, when he transferred to Leipzig University.[2] There he studied under Ferdinand Zirkel and earned his Ph.D. in 1880.[1]

Personal life[edit]

On November 7, 1895, Cross married Virginia Stevens, daughter of Moses T. Stevens.[2] They had one child, a son.[3]

Death and legacy[edit]

Cross died April 20, 1949,[1] in Chevy Chase, Maryland.[4] At the time of his death he was the oldest member of the National Academy of Sciences and the oldest living alumnus of Amherst College.[1]


Crossite is named in his honor.[4]

Larsen, Esper S. (1958). (PDF). Biographical Memoirs of the National Academy of Sciences. Archived from the original (PDF) on July 14, 2014. Retrieved June 24, 2014.

"Charles Whitman Cross, 1854–1949"

Montague, W. L. (1901). "Charles Whitman Cross". . Vol. 2. p. 57. Retrieved June 24, 2014.

Biographical Record of the Alumni and Non-Graduates of Amherst College (Classes '72–'96)

Wilson, Wendell E. (1854–1949). . Mineralogical Record Biographical Archive. Archived from the original on July 14, 2014. Retrieved June 24, 2014.

"Whitman Cross (1854–1949)"

Yoder, H. S. (2008). . Complete Dictionary of Scientific Biography. Retrieved June 24, 2014.

"Cross, Charles Whitman"

Young, Davis A. (2003). . Princeton University Press. ISBN 9780691102795.

Mind Over Magma: The Story of Igneous Petrology