First Chechen War
The First Chechen War, also referred to as the First Russo-Chechen War, was a struggle for independence waged by the Chechen Republic of Ichkeria against the Russian Federation from 11 December 1994 to 31 August 1996. This conflict was preceded by the battle of Grozny in November 1994, during which Russia covertly sought to overthrow the new Chechen government. Following the intense Battle of Grozny in 1994–1995, which concluded as a pyrrhic victory for the Russian federal forces, their subsequent efforts to establish control over the remaining lowlands and mountainous regions of Chechnya were met with fierce resistance from Chechen guerrillas who often conducted surprise raids. The recapture of Grozny in 1996 played a part in the 1996 Khasavyurt Accord (ceasefire), and the signing of the 1997 Russia–Chechen Peace Treaty.
The official Russian estimate of Russian military deaths was 6,000, but according to other estimates, the number of Russian military deaths was as high as 14,000.[25] According to various estimates, the number of Chechen military deaths was approximately 3,000–10,000,[17] the number of Chechen civilian deaths was between 30,000 and 100,000. Over 200,000 Chechen civilians may have been injured, more than 500,000 people were displaced, and cities and villages were reduced to rubble across the republic.[26]
1940–1944 insurgency in Chechnya
Deportation of the Chechens and Ingush
History of Chechnya
History of Russia (1991–present)
Islam in Russia
Military history of the Russian Federation
– 1999–2009 conflict in Chechnya and the North Caucasus
Second Chechen War
Circassian genocide
List of wars involving Russia
Bennett, Vanora (1998). Crying Wolf: The Return of War to Chechnya. : Picador. ISBN 978-0-330-35170-6.
London
(2003). Chechnya Diary: A War Correspondent's Story of Surviving the War in Chechnya. New York: Thomas Dunne Books. ISBN 978-0-312-26874-9.
Goltz, Thomas
(2006). A Military History of Russia: From Ivan the Terrible to the War in Chechnya. Westport: Praeger Security International. ISBN 978-0-275-98502-8.
Stone, David R.
(2003). A Small Corner of Hell: Dispatches from Chechnya. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. ISBN 978-0-226-67432-2.
Politkovskaya, Anna
(2006). Allah's Mountains: The Battle for Chechnya. London: Tauris Parke Paperbacks. ISBN 978-1-85043-979-0.
Smith, Sebastian
(2008). The Angel of Grozny: Inside Chechnya. London: Virago Press. ISBN 978-1-84408-516-3.
Seierstad, Åsne
; de Waal, Thomas (1998). Chechnya: Calamity in the Caucasus. New York: New York University Press. ISBN 978-0-8147-2963-2.
Gall, Carlotta
Hughes, James (2007). Chechnya: From Nationalism to Jihad. : University of Pennsylvania Press. ISBN 978-0-8122-4013-9.
Philadelphia
(1998). Chechnya: Tombstone of Russian Power. New Haven: Yale University Press. ISBN 978-0-300-07398-0.
Lieven, Anatol
Nikitina, Elena; (2017). Girl, Taken: A True Story of Abduction, Captivity and Survival. London: Iliad Books. ISBN 978-0-9882138-6-9.
Quinlan, Patrick
(2000). Landscapes of War: From Sarajevo to Chechnya. Translated by Bush, Peter. Introduction by Tariq Ali. San Francisco: City Lights Books. ISBN 978-0-87286-373-6.
Goytisolo, Juan
(2002). My Jihad: The True Story of an American Mujahid's Amazing Journey from Usama Bin Laden's Training Camps to Counterterrorism with the FBI and CIA. Guilford: Lyons Press. ISBN 978-1-58574-565-4.
Collins, Aukai
Greene, Stanley (2003). Open Wound: Chechnya 1994 to 2003. : Trolley Books. ISBN 978-1-904563-01-3.
London
Dunlop, John B. (1998). Russia Confronts Chechnya: Roots of a Separatist Conflict. : Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-63184-6.
Cambridge
Cassidy, Robert M. (2003). . Carlisle: U.S. Army War College. ISBN 978-1-58487-110-1.
Russia in Afghanistan and Chechnya: Military Strategic Culture and the Paradoxes of Asymmetric Conflict
Galeotti, Mark (2014). Russia's Wars in Chechnya 1994–2009. Essential Histories. : Osprey Publishing. ISBN 978-1-78200-277-2.
Oxford
Aldis, Anne C.; McDermott, Roger N., eds. (2003). Russian Military Reform, 1992-2002. : Routledge. ISBN 978-0-7146-5475-1.
London
Evangelista, Matthew (2002). The Chechen Wars: Will Russia Go the Way of the Soviet Union?. : Brookings Institution Press. ISBN 978-0-8157-2498-8.
Washington, D.C.
Grammer, Moshe (2006). The Lone Wolf and the Bear: Three Centuries of Chechen Defiance of Russian Rule. : Hurst Publishers. ISBN 978-1-85065-743-9.
London
Baev, Pavel K. (1996). The Russian Army: In a Time of Troubles. : SAGE. ISBN 978-0-7619-5187-2.
London
; Daniloff, Nicholas; Daniloff, Ruth (2003). The Oath: A Surgeon Under Fire. Toronto: Random House Canada. ISBN 978-0-679-31156-0.
Baiev, Khassan
The World Regional Conflicts Project
Chechen War 1994–96
Crimes of War Project
Chechnya
A collection of analyses and interviews of Chechen commanders conducted by the United States Marine Corps
Chechnya Reference Library
Documentary by Sergey Govorukhin
Damned and forgotten
U.S. Foreign Studies