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Broadway (Manhattan)

Broadway (/ˈbrɔːdweɪ/) is a road in the U.S. state of New York. Broadway runs from the south at State Street at Bowling Green for 13 mi (20.9 km) through the borough of Manhattan, over the Broadway Bridge, and 2 mi (3.2 km) through the Bronx, exiting north from New York City to run an additional 18 mi (29.0 km) through the Westchester County municipalities of Yonkers, Hastings-On-Hudson, Dobbs Ferry, Irvington, Tarrytown, and Sleepy Hollow, after which the road continues, but is no longer called "Broadway".[notes 1][notes 2] The latter portion of Broadway comprises a portion of U.S. Route 9.

Not to be confused with East Broadway or West Broadway, both also in Manhattan, or with Broadway theatre, commonly referred to as "Broadway". For the portion in upper Manhattan north of 178th and 179th streets, see also U.S. Route 9 in New York. For other uses, see Broadway.

Length

33 mi (53 km)

US 9 north of 178th Street

New York City (Manhattan and The Bronx) and Westchester County, U.S.

Battery Place in Financial District, Manhattan

US 9 / NY 117 / Rockwood Road in Sleepy Hollow

It is the oldest north–south main thoroughfare in New York City, with much of the current street allegedly beginning as the Wickquasgeck trail before the arrival of Europeans. This then formed the basis for one of the primary thoroughfares of the Dutch New Amsterdam colony, which continued under British rule, although most of it did not bear its current name until the late 19th century. Some portions of Broadway in Manhattan are interrupted for continuous traffic, including Times Square, Herald Square, and Union Square.


Broadway in Manhattan is known widely as the heart of the American commercial theatrical industry, and is used as a metonym for it, as well as in the names of alternative theatrical ventures such as Off-Broadway and Off-off-Broadway.

The IRT Lexington Avenue Line runs under Broadway from to Fulton Street (4 and ​5 trains).

Bowling Green

The BMT Broadway Line runs under it from to Times Square–42nd Street (N, ​Q, ​R, and ​W trains).

City Hall

The IRT Broadway–Seventh Avenue Line runs under and over Broadway from to 168th Street (1, ​2, and ​3 trains), and again from 218th Street to its terminal in the Bronx at Van Cortlandt Park–242nd Street (1 train).

Times Square

The northern portion of the IND Eighth Avenue Line runs under Broadway from to Inwood–207th Street (A train).[76]

Dyckman Street

From south to north, Broadway at one point or another runs over or under various New York City Subway lines, including the IRT Lexington Avenue Line, the BMT Broadway Line, IRT Broadway–Seventh Avenue Line, and IND Eighth Avenue Line (the IND Sixth Avenue Line is the only north–south trunk line in Manhattan that does not run along Broadway).


Early street railways on Broadway included the Broadway and Seventh Avenue Railroad's Broadway and University Place Line (1864?) between Union Square (14th Street) and Times Square (42nd Street), the Ninth Avenue Railroad's Ninth and Amsterdam Avenues Line (1884) between 65th Street and 71st Street, the Forty-second Street, Manhattanville and St. Nicholas Avenue Railway's Broadway Branch Line (1885?) between Times Square and 125th Street, and the Kingsbridge Railway's Kingsbridge Line north of 169th Street. The Broadway Surface Railroad's Broadway Line, a cable car line, opened on lower Broadway (below Times Square) in 1893, and soon became the core of the Metropolitan Street Railway, with two cable branches: the Broadway and Lexington Avenue Line and Broadway and Columbus Avenue Line.


These streetcar lines were replaced with bus routes in the 1930s and 1940s. Before Broadway became one-way, the main bus routes along it were the New York City Omnibus Company's (NYCO) 6 (Broadway below Times Square), 7 (Broadway and Columbus Avenue), and 11 (Ninth and Amsterdam Avenues), and the Surface Transportation Corporation's M100 (Kingsbridge) and M104 (Broadway Branch). Additionally, the Fifth Avenue Coach Company's (FACCo) 4 and 5 used Broadway from 135th Street north to Washington Heights, and their 5 and 6 used Broadway between 57th Street and 72nd Street. With the implementation of one-way traffic, the northbound 6 and 7 were moved to Sixth Avenue.


As of 2017, Broadway is served by the M4 (ex-FACCo 4), M7 (ex-NYCO 7), M55, M100, and M104. Other routes that use part of Broadway include the M5 (ex-FACCo 5), M10, M20, M60 Select Bus Service, Bx7, Bx9, and Bx20.[77]


Bee-Line buses also serves Broadway within Riverdale and Westchester County. Routes 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 13, and several others run on a portion of Broadway.

2 Broadway

(also known as the Marble Palace, the A.T. Stewart Company Store, or The Sun Building)

280 Broadway

(1 Bowling Green, between the two legs of the southern end of Broadway)

Alexander Hamilton U.S. Custom House

(100 Broadway)

American Surety Building

(2109 Broadway)

Ansonia Hotel

Fence and Park (between 25 and 26 Broadway)

Bowling Green

(11 Broadway)

Bowling Green Offices Building

(1619 Broadway)

Brill Building

(196 Broadway)

Corbin Building

(25 Broadway)

Cunard Building

(4881 Broadway)

Dyckman House

(120 Broadway)

Equitable Building

(Fifth Avenue and Broadway at 23rd Street)

Flatiron Building

(1200 Broadway)

Gilsey House

(889-91 Broadway)

Gorham Manufacturing Company Building

(253, 256 Broadway)

Home Life Building

(1 Broadway)

International Mercantile Marine Company Building

(1585 Broadway)

Morgan Stanley Building

(1475 Broadway)

One Times Square

(1501 Broadway)

Paramount Building

(26 Broadway)

Standard Oil Building

(79 Broadway)

Trinity Church

(3041 Broadway)

Union Theological Seminary

(4140 Broadway)

United Palace

-Panama Pacific Lines Building (1 Broadway)

United States Lines

(1634 Broadway)

Winter Garden Theatre

(233 Broadway)

Woolworth Building

Broadway is lined with many famous and otherwise noted and historic buildings, such as:


Historic buildings on Broadway that are now demolished include:

(1998). Morningside Heights: A History of its Architecture and Development. New York: Columbia University Press. ISBN 978-0-231-07850-4. OCLC 37843816.

Dolkart, Andrew S.

and Wallace, Mike (1999). Gotham: A History of New York City to 1898. New York: Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-195-11634-8.

Burrows, Edwin G.

(2005). The Island at the Center of the World. New York: Vintage Books. ISBN 978-1-4000-7867-7.

Shorto, Russell

Notes


Citations


Bibliography

; historical citations from etymologist Barry Popik

Great White Way

; a virtual walking tour of the street

New York Songlines: Broadway

; New York City Department of Transportation pilot program for Broadway traffic

Green Light for Midtown

Walking the length of Broadway