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Immunity (medicine)

In biology, immunity is the state of being insusceptible or resistant to a noxious agent or process, especially a pathogen or infectious disease. Immunity may occur naturally or be produced by prior exposure or immunization.

"Immune" redirects here. For other uses, see Immune (disambiguation).

Inactivated vaccines are composed of micro-organisms that have been killed with chemicals and/or heat and are no longer infectious. Examples are vaccines against , cholera, plague, and hepatitis A. Most vaccines of this type are likely to require booster shots.

flu

Live, vaccines are composed of micro-organisms that have been cultivated under conditions which disable their ability to induce disease. These responses are more durable, however, they may require booster shots. Examples include yellow fever, measles, rubella, and mumps.

attenuated

are inactivated toxic compounds from micro-organisms in cases where these (rather than the micro-organism itself) cause illness, used prior to an encounter with the toxin of the micro-organism. Examples of toxoid-based vaccines include tetanus and diphtheria.

Toxoids

recombinant, polysaccharide, and conjugate vaccines are composed of small fragments or pieces from a pathogenic (disease-causing) organism.[24] A characteristic example is the subunit vaccine against Hepatitis B virus.

Subunit

The Center for Modeling Immunity to Enteric Pathogens (MIEP)