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Jammu and Kashmir Reorganisation Act, 2019

The Jammu and Kashmir Reorganisation Act, 2019 is an act of the parliament of India containing provisions to reconstitute the Indian-administered state of Jammu and Kashmir into two Indian-administered union territories (UTs) called Jammu and Kashmir, and Ladakh, and becoming effective on 31 October 2019. A bill for the act was introduced by the Minister of Home Affairs, Amit Shah, in the Rajya Sabha on 5 August 2019 and was passed on the same day. It was then passed by the Lok Sabha on 6 August 2019 and it received the president's assent on 9 August 2019.

Jammu and Kashmir Reorganisation Act, 2019

Act No. 34 of 2019

  • State of Jammu and Kashmir

Rajya Sabha

5 August 2019

Lok Sabha

6 August 2019

9 August 2019

President Ram Nath Kovind

9 August 2019

31 October 2019

Bill No. XXIX of 2019

Minister of Home Affairs
Amit Shah

5 August 2019

5 August 2019

  • (Voice Vote) 125 voted for
  • (Voice Vote) 61 voted against
  • 01 abstained

5 August 2019

6 August 2019

  • 378 voted for
  • 77 voted against
  • 1 abstained

The act consists of 103 clauses, extends 106 central laws to the UTs, repeals 153 state laws, and abolishes the Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Council among other things. The introduction of the bill was preceded by a presidential order which indirectly amended Article 370 of the Indian constitution and revoked Jammu and Kashmir's special status. The act has also given powers to the central government to pass a number of executive orders in relation to both the union territories. These orders have resulted in the modification or repeal of over 400 state and central laws with respect to the union territories. The act was challenged in supreme court through a number of petitions, on 11 December 2023 the court declared the act and the related orders to be valid and constitutional. Ordering to restore Statehood "as soon as possible".[2] A 2023 ruling by the Supreme Court of India resolved its legal dispute.


The combination of the presidential orders and enactment of the Reorganisation Act was followed by a security lockdown and communications blackout.

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Subsequent legislation[edit]

Orders[edit]

Following the implementation of the Jammu and Kashmir Reorganisation Act, 2019, and through the powers given by the act, the central government of India further approved eight orders which provide for the adaption of state and central laws to the union territories.[1] Five orders deal with the union territory of Jammu and Kashmir and three with the union territory of Ladakh.[1] Through these executive orders the central government has made changes to, or repealed, over 400 laws in relation to the union territories by November 2020.[131]

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Verma, Maansi (1 November 2019), , vol. 54, Economic and Political Weekly

The Case of the Jammu and Kashmir Reorganisation Bill

. ETV Bharat. 4 July 2021.

"MHA corrects 64 errors in adaptation of state laws orders in JK"

Seth, Shivangi (22 January 2020), , Institute of Peace and Conflict Studies

Kashmiri Pandits and J&K Reorganisation

Deva, Zaid (3 May 2020). . Indian Law Review. 4 (2). Taylor and Francis Online: 163–198. doi:10.1080/24730580.2020.1791520. ISSN 2473-0580. S2CID 221521110.

"Basic without structure?: the Presidential Order of 1954 and the Indo-Jammu & Kashmir constitutional relationship"

—Amin, Muhammad Mutahhar (26 January 2021). . Law and Other Things. Retrieved 16 October 2021.

"Response to Zaid Deva's Article – Basic without Structure?: the Presidential Order of 1954 and the Indo-Jammu & Kashmir Constitutional Relationship"

. The Wire. 8 August 2019. Retrieved 18 October 2021.

"Modi Addresses Nation: 'Jammu and Kashmir Will Now See Economic Development and Integration'"

Iyer, P Vaidyanathan (15 December 2020). . The Indian Express. Retrieved 18 October 2021.

"Manoj Sinha Interview: 'Where is the contradiction between DDC and Assembly elections?'"

via Gazette of India.

Full text of the Jammu and Kashmir Reorganisation Act 2019

via Jammu and Kashmir High Court.

Alphabetical Index of Central Acts extended by J&K Reorganisation Act 2019

via Legislative Department, Ministry of Law and Justice, Government of India.

Orders Issued Under the Constitution of India (Part 1)

via Gazette of India.

Full text of the Jammu and Kashmir Reorganisation (Adaptation of State Laws) Order, 2020

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