Order of the Garter

(1312–77)

King Edward III

(1330–76)

Edward, the Black Prince, Prince of Wales

(c. 1310–61)

Henry of Grosmont, 4th Earl of Lancaster

(1313–69)

Thomas de Beauchamp, 11th Earl of Warwick

(d. 1376)

Jean de Grailly, III Captal de Buch

(1301–72)

Ralph de Stafford, 1st Earl of Stafford

(1328–97)

William de Montacute, 2nd Earl of Salisbury

(1328–60)

Roger Mortimer, 2nd Earl of March

(1318–55)

John, 2nd Baron Lisle

(c. 1329–69)

Bartholomew, 2nd Baron Burghersh

(d. 1360)

John, 1st Baron Beauchamp

(c. 1320–76)

John, 2nd Baron Mohun

(1327–49)

Sir Hugh de Courtenay

(1314–60)

Thomas Holland, 1st Earl of Kent

(1300–59)

John, 1st Baron Grey de Rotherfield

(1295–1348/49)

Sir Richard Fitz-Simon

(c. 1320–64)

Sir Miles Stapleton

(1303–52)

Sir Thomas Wale

(d. 1381)

Sir Hugh Wrottesley

(1320–86)

Sir Nele Loring

(c. 1320–69)

Sir John Chandos

(c. 1318–69)

Sir James Audley

(c. 1316–59)

Sir Otho Holand

(d. before 1360)

Sir Henry Eam

(c. 1330–59)^[4]

Sir Sanchet d'Abrichecourt

(1319–75)

Sir Walter Paveley

The mantle is a vestment or robe worn by members since the 15th century. Once made of wool, by the 16th century it was made of . The mantle was originally purple, but varied during the 17th and 18th centuries between celestial blue, pale blue, royal blue, dark blue, violet, and ultramarine. Mantles are now dark blue and lined with white taffeta. The mantles of the Sovereign, the Prince of Wales, and Royal Knights and Ladies end in trains. The heraldic shield of St George's Cross encircled by the Garter is sewn onto the left shoulder of the mantle, but the Sovereign's mantle instead has the star of the Order. Attached to the mantle over the right shoulder are a dark red velvet hood and surcoat, which have lost all function over time and appear to the modern observer simply as a splash of colour.^[38]

velvet

The hat is a of black velvet with a plume of white ostrich and black heron feathers.^[38]

Tudor bonnet

The is worn around the neck, over the mantle and is secured with white ribbons tied in bows on the shoulders. Like the mantle, it was introduced in the 15th and 16th centuries. Made of pure gold, it weighs 30 troy ounces (0.933 kg). The collar is composed of gold heraldic knots alternating with enamelled medallions, each showing a rose encircled by the Garter. During the reign of Henry VII (1485–1509), commencing at the termination of the Wars of the Roses, each garter surrounded two roses – one red for the House of Lancaster and one white for the House of York – but he changed the design to encircle the Tudor rose^[38] alone, a combination of both forms.^[39] Today one of the most visible representations of the collar forms part of the monarch's heraldic achievement on the gates of Buckingham Palace.^[40]

collar

The Great George, which is worn suspended from the collar, is a colourfully enamelled (sometimes jewelled) three-dimensional figure of on horseback slaying a dragon.^[38]

St George the Martyr

The is worn on ceremonial occasions around the left calf^[41] by knights and around the left arm by ladies, and is depicted on several insignia. The Garter is a buckled dark-blue (originally light-blue) velvet strap, and bears the motto in gold letters. The garters of Stranger Knights and Ladies were once set with several jewels.^[38] Two styles have been used: one is a working garter where the end slips through the buckle, passed behind, and then is tucked down through the formed loop, as it is shown in the arms of the order, and the other style is a 'pre-made' one that has the buckled and tucked end pre-fashioned and is fastened with a clip attachment.

Garter

Garter banner of Alexander Baring, 6th Baron Ashburton, now in Winchester Cathedral

Garter banner of Oliver Lyttelton, 1st Viscount Chandos, now in St John the Baptist Church, Hagley

Garter banner of Lord Wilson of Rievaulx, now at Jesus College Chapel, Oxford

Garter banner of Henry Manners, 8th Duke of Rutland, now at Belvoir Castle

Arms of Philip, Prince of Asturias at his investiture, encircled by the Garter (in 1554)

Garter stall plate of George, 5th Earl Cadogan

Arms of Margaret Thatcher, Baroness Thatcher

The arms of John, Duke of Marlborough, are encircled by both the Garter and the collar.

The arms of John Casimir of the Palatinate-Simmern, encircled by the Garter

List of current knights and ladies of the Garter

List of knights and ladies of the Garter

The Society of the Friends of St George's and Descendants of the Knights of the Garter

(1672). Institution, Laws and Ceremonies of the Most Noble Order of the Garter. London.

Ashmole, Elias

Begent, P.J.; Chesshyre, H. (1999). The Most Noble Order of the Garter: 650 Years. London: Spink and Son.  1902040201.

ISBN

Beltz, George Frederick (1841). . London: William Pickering. Retrieved 27 October 2013.

Memorials of the Order of the Garter

, ed. (1911). "Knighthood and Chivalry" . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 15 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 851–867.

Chisholm, Hugh

(1939). The Knights of the Garter, 1348–1939: With a Complete List of the Stall Plates in St. George's Chapel. Historical monographs relating to St. George's Chapel, Windsor Castle. Vol. 1. SPCK.

Fellowes, Edmund

Rogers, Clifford J. (2018). "The symbolic meaning of Edward III's Garter badge". In Baker, Gary P.; Lambert, Craig L.; Simpkin, David (eds.). Military Communities in Late Medieval England: essays in honour of Andrew Ayton. Woodbridge: Boydell. pp. 125–145.  9781783272983.

ISBN

Hope, W. H. St.John; et al. (1901). The Stall Plates of the Knights of the Order of the Garter 1348–1485. Reprinted 2005.

Official webpage at: royal.uk

– official website of the British Monarchy

Order of the Garter

St George's Chapel at Windsor Castle: Order of the Garter

List of historic occupants of Garter stalls

List of the Knights of the Garter

BBC gallery: Order Of The Garter

Brennan, I. G. "The Most Noble Order of the Garter." HeraldicSculptor.com. 2004.

Velde, F. R. "Order of Precedence in England and Wales." 2003.