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Life (magazine)

Life is an American magazine published weekly from 1883 to 1972, as an intermittent "special" until 1978, a monthly from 1978 until 2000, and an online supplement since 2008.[1] During its golden age from 1936 to 1972, Life was a wide-ranging weekly general-interest magazine known for the quality of its photography, and was one of the nation's most popular magazines, regularly reaching one-quarter of the population.[2]

Not to be confused with Life (journal).

Editor

Humor, general interest

Weekly

Clair Maxwell (1921–1942)

250,000

January 4, 1883 (1883-01-04)
November 18, 2008 (2008-11-18) (online supplement)

2000 (2000) (print)

United States

English

Life was published independently for its first 53 years until 1936 as a general-interest and light entertainment magazine, heavy on illustrations, jokes, and social commentary. It featured some of the most important writers, editors, illustrators and cartoonists of its time, including Charles Dana Gibson, Norman Rockwell, and others. In 1918, Gibson became the magazine's editor following the death of John Ames Mitchell, its owner and editor. During its later years, the magazine offered brief capsule reviews, similar to those in The New Yorker, of plays and movies running in New York City, but with the innovative touch of a colored typographic bullet resembling a traffic light, appended to each review: green for a positive review, red for a negative one, and amber for mixed notices.


In 1936, Time publisher Henry Luce bought Life solely for its title, and greatly redesigned the publication. LIFE (stylized in all caps) became the first all-photographic American news magazine, and it dominated the market for several decades, with a circulation peaking at over 13.5 million copies a week. The magazine's role in the history of photojournalism is considered its most important contribution to publishing. Its prestige attracted the memoirs of President Harry S. Truman, Prime Minister Winston Churchill, and General Douglas MacArthur, all serialized in its pages.


After 2000, Time Inc. continued to use the Life brand for special and commemorative issues. Life returned to regularly scheduled issues as a weekly newspaper supplement from 2004 to 2007.[3] The website life.com, originally one of the channels on Time Inc.'s Pathfinder service, was for a time in the late 2000s managed as a joint venture with Getty Images under the name See Your World, LLC.[4]


On January 30, 2012, the Life.com URL became a photo channel on Time.com.[3][5]

Editor-in-chief

Weekly (1936–1972)
Monthly (1978–2000)

1,000,000

November 23, 1936 (1936-11-23)

May 2000 (2000-05) (print)

United States

New York City, New York, U.S.

English

In 2013, the film, , starring Ben Stiller and Kristen Wiig, portrays Life as it transitioned from printed material toward having only an online presence.[55]

The Secret Life of Walter Mitty

editor and writer

John Kendrick Bangs

writer

Dominic Behan

Notable contributors have included:


Photojournalists:


Film critics:


Fashion:


Photographers:


Illustrators:


Writers:

List of defunct American periodicals

Bissonette, Devan L. (2009). "Between Silence and Self-Interest". Journalism History. 35 (2): 62–71. :10.1080/00947679.2009.12062786. S2CID 140850931.

doi

Centanni, Rebecca (2011). "Advertising in Life Magazine and the Encouragement of Suburban Ideals". Advertising & Society Review. 12 (3). :10.1353/asr.2011.0022. S2CID 154297703.

doi

ed. (2001). Looking at Life Magazine. Essays by experts.

Doss, Erika

Grady, John (2007). (PDF). Visual Studies. 22 (3): 211–239. doi:10.1080/14725860701657134. S2CID 35722845.

"Advertising images as social indicators: Depictions of blacks in LIFE magazine, 1936–2000"

Keller, Emily (1996). . Twenty-First Century Books. ISBN 978-0-8225-4916-1.

Margaret Bourke-White: A Photographer's Life

Lester, Paul; Smith, Ron (1990). (PDF). Journalism Quarterly. 67: 128–136. doi:10.1177/107769909006700119. S2CID 145442771.

"African-American Photo Coverage in Life, Newsweek and Time, 1937–1988"

(2016). Life Story: The Education of an American Journalist. University of New Mexico Press. ISBN 978-0-8263-5677-2.

Moore, Gerald

Vials, Chris (2006). "The Popular Front in the American Century: Life Magazine, Margaret Bourke-White, and Consumer Realism, 1936–1941". American Periodicals. 16 (1): 74–102. :10.1353/amp.2006.0009. JSTOR 20770947. S2CID 144607109.

doi

Wainwright, Loudon. The Great American Magazine: An inside history of Life (Random House Inc, 1986).  978-0-394-45987-5.

ISBN

Webb, Sheila M. (2016). "Creating Life: "America's Most Potent Editorial Force"". Journalism & Communication Monographs. 18 (2): 55–108. :10.1177/1522637916639393. S2CID 147872092. Evolution of photojournalism, centered on the magazine.

doi

Webb, Sheila (2012). "The Consumer-Citizen: Life Magazine's Construction of a Middle-Class Lifestyle Through Consumption Scenarios". Studies in Popular Culture. 34 (2): 23–47.  23416397.

JSTOR

Webb, Sheila (2010). "Art Commentary for the Middlebrow: Promoting Modernism & Modern Art through Popular Culture—How Life Magazine Brought "The New" into Middle-Class Homes". American Journalism. 27 (3): 115–150. :10.1080/08821127.2010.10678155. S2CID 152990744.

doi

Webb, Sheila (2006). "A Pictorial Myth in the Pages of Life: Small-Town America as the Ideal Place". Studies in Popular Culture. 28 (3): 35–58.  23416170.

JSTOR

Life.com official site

at HathiTrust Digital Library

Life archives (1883–1936)

at Google Books

Full Life magazine issues from 1936 through 1972

at Le Monde

"Le magazine Life, la chronique de l'Amérique"

Life covers at CoverBrowser

Magazine Data File: Life (1883)

Archived 2020-01-01 at the Wayback Machine, Life covers, the humor magazine (1883–1936)

Online archive