Malolos
Malolos [maˈlɔlɔs], officially the City of Malolos (Filipino: Lungsod ng Malolos), is a 3rd class component city and capital of the province of Bulacan, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 261,189 people.[3] It is the capital city of the province of Bulacan as the seat of the provincial government.[5]
Malolos
10th century CE
(part of the kingdom of Ma-i)
- 1225 (as Li-Han)
- November 14, 1571 (as an encomienda)
- June 11, 1580 (as a civil town)
December 18, 1999
51 (see Barangays)
Christian D. Natividad
Miguel Alberto T. Bautista
Danilo A. Damingo
127,246 voters (2022)
67.25 km2 (25.97 sq mi)
67.25 km2 (25.97 sq mi)
9.0 m (29.5 ft)
105 m (344 ft)
−4 m (−13 ft)
261,189
3,900/km2 (10,000/sq mi)
64,898
3rd city income class
₱ 1,292 million (2020)
₱ 1,967 million (2020)
₱ 920.6 million (2020)
₱ 902.7 million (2020)
+63 (0)44
Tagalog
Malolos is the historical site of the constitutional convention of 1898 that led to the establishment of the First Philippine Republic, led by Emilio Aguinaldo. Malolos was the site of the constitutional convention of 1898, known as the Malolos Convention, that led to the establishment of the First Philippine Republic, at the sanctuary of the Barasoain Church. The convent of the Malolos Cathedral served as the presidential palace at that time.
Malolos gave birth to the First Philippine Republic, sometimes characterized as the first proper constitutional republic in Asia,[6][7][8] although there were several Asian republics predating it – for example, the Mahajanapadas of ancient India, the Lanfang Republic, the Republic of Formosa, or the Republic of Ezo. Aguinaldo himself had led a number of governments prior to Malolos, like those established at Tejeros and Biak-na-Bato which both styled themselves República de Filipinas ("Republic of the Philippines"). Unlike the founding documents of those governments, however, the Malolos Constitution was duly approved by a partially elected congress and called for a true representative democracy.[9][10]
Infrastructure[edit]
Transportation[edit]
Public transportation in Malolos is served by buses, jeepneys, and UV Express AUVs. The city is also served by Tricycles, which offer their services on a for-hire basis. A bus stop located in Malolos Crossing is served by provincial buses operated by Baliwag Transit, First North Luzon Transit, and Victory Liner to Cubao and Monumento. Robinsons Place Malolos is the terminus of Point-to-point buses from Trinoma, and modernized jeepneys from San Fernando, Pampanga.
Malolos is known for its Karatig Jeepneys which serves as an intra-city public transportation. The name itself came from the word karatig, which means nearby places or barangays. The Karatig jeepney is the smaller version of the jeepneys which usually have the size of about 3-meters long and can board 8-10 commuters at the back plus 2 passengers in the front seat. Longer models can accommodate about 10–12. Its capacity varies according to the jeep's length and size. There are two Karatig routes around Malolos.[61]
There was a railway service in the city served by the Philippine National Railways (PNR). However, in 1988 the North Main Line of the PNR was closed and train services in Malolos ceased immediately.[62] On November 20, 2003, in an attempt to revive the railway service, North Luzon Railways Corporation and China National Machinery and Equipment Group (CNMEG) executed a Contract Agreement for the construction of Section I, Phase I of the North Luzon Railway System from Caloocan to Malolos on a turnkey basis. The project was worth $421,050,000. However, on February 13, 2006, a controversy arose from the project and the project was placed on halt indefinitely.[63] In 2017, the project was revived and was called North South Commuter Railway with funds sourced from Japan through a loan. On January 5, 2018, the Department of Transportation broke ground for the first phase of the PNR Clark Line.[64][65][66] When re-opened, the Malolos Station will serve as the temporary terminus until the completion of PNR Clark 2.
Utilities[edit]
Water services are provided by the City of Malolos Water District (CMWD). The CMWD also provide water services on some barangays in the neighboring towns of Paombong and Hagonoy. Since 2012, the city is suffering from recurring water shortages.[67][68] Electric services are provided by Meralco, the sole electric power distributor in Malolos.
Malolos Historic Town Center
City of Malolos, Bulacan, Philippines 3000
Social services[edit]
Housing[edit]
The Malolos hosts more than 51 residential subdivisions and the Northville 8 Resettlement Project of the Philippine government.
Health[edit]
The City Health Office of Malolos is responsible for the planning and implementation of the health care programs provided by the city government. It currently operates seven health centers. The Bulacan Medical Center (formerly Bulacan Provincial Hospital),[81] operated by the provincial government of Bulacan, is also located in the city.
Private hospitals can also be found in the city. Some of the private hospitals that operate in the city are Sacred Heart Hospital, Santos General Hospital, Malolos Maternity Hospital, Malolos San Ildefonso County Hospital, Ofelia Mendoza Maternity and General Hospital, and the Graman Medical and Maternity Hospital.
