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Margaret Corbin

Margaret Cochran Corbin (November 12, 1751 – January 16, 1800) was a woman who fought in the American Revolutionary War.[1] On November 16, 1776, her husband, John Corbin, was one of 2800 American soldiers defending Fort Washington in northern Manhattan from 8,000 attacking Hessian troops under British command. Margaret was too nervous to let her husband go into battle alone, so she decided she wanted to go with him. Since she was a nurse, she was allowed to accompany her husband as a nurse for injured soldiers.[2] John Corbin was on the crew of one of two cannons the defenders deployed; when he fell in action, Margaret Corbin took his place and continued to work the cannon until she too was seriously wounded.[3] It is said that Corbin was standing next to her husband when he fell during battle. Immediately, she took his post, and because she had watched her husband, a trained artilleryman, fire the cannon so much, she was able to fire, clean and aim the cannon with great ease and speed. This impressed the other soldiers and was the beginning of her military career.[2] She later became the first woman in U.S. history to receive a pension from Congress for military service when she could no longer work due to injury, and was enlisted into the Corps of Invalids.[4]

Margaret Cochran Corbin

Margaret Cochran

(1751-11-12)November 12, 1751

January 16, 1800(1800-01-16) (aged 48)

John Corbin

Abigail

Early life[edit]

Margaret Cochran was born in Western Pennsylvania on November 12, 1751, in what is now Franklin County. The surname Cochran is of Irish origin anglicized from maccogaráin or Ó Cogaráin.[5] Her parents were Robert Cochran, an Irish immigrant[6] and his wife, Sarah. In 1756, when Margaret was five years old, her parents were attacked by Native Americans.[7] Her father was killed, and her mother was kidnapped, never to be seen again — Margaret and her brother, John, escaped the raid because they were not at home.[8] Margaret lived with her uncle for the rest of her childhood.[8]


In 1772, at the age of 21, Margaret married a Virginia farmer named John Corbin.[9]

Later years[edit]

Corbin received financial support from the government after the war, the first woman to do so.[14] She died on January 16, 1800, at the age of 48, in Highland Falls, New York, where the local historical society erected a historical marker — to Captain Molly, in her honor.[15]

Legacy[edit]

A memorial commemorating her heroism was erected in 1909 near the scene of her service on the C. K. G. Billings Estate, in what would later become New York City's Fort Tryon Park.[16] In addition, after the park was constructed, "Margaret Corbin Circle" lies just outside the main entrance, and "Margaret Corbin Drive" connects the circle through the park to the Henry Hudson Parkway.[17] A plaque honoring Corbin, placed by the Chamber of Commerce of Washington Heights in 1982, is located on the eastern of the two stone plynths which mark the start of Margaret Corbin Drive.[18] A large Art Deco mural depicting the Battle of Fort Washington scene decorates the lobby of a nearby apartment building at 720 Fort Washington Avenue. According to the New York Historical Association, Corbin was "honored as no woman of the revolution has ever been honored before".[19]


In 1926, The New York State Chapter of the Daughters of the American Revolution (DAR) verified Margaret's records and recognized her heroism and service to the United States through the papers of General Henry Knox. Remains believed to be hers were exhumed and re-interred with full military honors at the cemetery of the United States Military Academy at West Point behind the Old Cadet Chapel in the West Point Cemetery. The Margaret Corbin Monument was erected by the DAR at the gravesite. However, a 2017 archeological study revealed that the remains that had been moved were not those of Corbin, but rather an unknown male. The location of Corbin's remains is unknown.[20][21]

a woman who fought in the Revolutionary War, but disguised as a man

Deborah Sampson

a Virginia woman who fought, dressed as a man, alongside her husband in the Revolutionary War

Anna Maria Lane

a South Carolina woman who fought in the Revolutionary War and was killed during the Siege of Savannah

Sally St. Clair

a woman who fought in the Battle of Monmouth

Mary Ludwig Hays

who may have been Corbin or Hays

Molly Pitcher

Ketchum, Richard (1999). The Winter Soldiers: The Battles for Trenton and Princeton. Holt Paperbacks; 1st Owl books ed edition.  0-8050-6098-7.

ISBN

Notes


Bibliography


Further reading

Biography of Margaret Corbin

Michals, Debra. . National Women's History Museum. 2015.

"Margaret Cochran Corbin"