Muntinlupa
Muntinlupa (Tagalog: [mʊntɪnˈlupɐ]), officially the City of Muntinlupa (Filipino: Lungsod ng Muntinlupa), is a 1st class highly urbanized city in the National Capital Region of the Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 543,445 people.[3]
Muntinlupa
none
1601
October 12, 1903
November 25, 1903
March 22, 1905
January 1, 1918
May 8, 1995
9 (see Barangays)
Rozzano Rufino Biazon (One Muntinlupa)
Artemio Simundac
(One Muntinlupa)
311,750 voters (2022)
39.75 km2 (15.35 sq mi)
26 m (85 ft)
136 m (446 ft)
0 m (0 ft)
543,445
13,671.6/km2 (35,409/sq mi)
138,331
Muntinlupeño
1st city income class
₱ 5,860 million (2020)
₱ 12,538 million (2020)
₱ 4,514 million (2020)
₱ 3,214 million (2020)
Manila Electric Company (Meralco)
+63 (0)02
Tagalog
It is bordered on the north by Taguig, to the northwest by Parañaque, by Bacoor and Las Piñas to the west, to the southwest by Dasmariñas, by San Pedro to the south, and by Laguna de Bay, the largest lake in the country, to the east. From high above, the city of Muntinlupa has many large, green patches, which is unusual for Metro Manila.[5] Because of these green patches, Muntinlupa earned the name "Emerald City"[5] by the tourism establishment[6] and also known as the "Gateway to Calabarzon" as it is the southernmost city of the National Capital Region.
Muntinlupa is known as the location of the national insular penitentiary, the New Bilibid Prison, where the country's most dangerous criminals are incarcerated. This was relocated from its old site in Santa Cruz, Manila.[5] Before the relocation of New Bilibid Prison to Muntinlupa in the 1930s, Muntinlupa was mainly dedicated to fishing and farming.[5]
Ayala Alabang Village, one of the country's biggest and most expensive residential communities, where many of the wealthy and famous live, is also located in Muntinlupa.
History[edit]
Spanish colonial era[edit]
In 1601, some 88 years after the arrival of Portuguese navigator Ferdinand Magellan in the Visayas islands, the original lands constituting Muntinlupa could be deduced to have been friar lands administered by the Augustinians, then sold and assigned to the Sanctuary of Guadalupe.
In the early 1800s, Joaquín Martínez de Zúñiga, an Agustinian Friar, in his Two Volume Book: "Estadismo de las islas Filipinas", described Muntinlupa as a lakeside town composed of 250 tributes (each tribute representing a family of 5 to 7), and was the farthest town of the province of Tondo, itself composed of 14,437 native tributes and 3,528 Spanish Filipino tributes. Spiritually, it also belonged to the nearby Parish of Our Lady of Guadalupe at Makati and was connected to it via many rivers that streamed from Laguna de Bay through Muntinlupa towards Makati and eventually Manila proper.[9]: 26
In 1869, the lands were transferred to the state and large individual landholders. In an effort by the Spanish Government to bring under closer administrative control the people living in the contiguous sitios, as well as those in Alabang, Tunasan, Sucat, and Cupang, the municipality was created upon the recommendation of Don Eduardo de Canizares.
On August 6, 1898, the town supported the Philippine Revolution against the Spaniards and formally joined the revolutionary government headed by Gen. Emilio Aguinaldo.
American occupation era[edit]
The Philippine Commission promulgated Rizal Province on June 11, 1901, through Act No. 137. Muntinlupa became part of the new province after being a part of the defunct province of Manila.
On October 12, 1903, Muntinlupa, alongside Taguig, was merged with Pateros by virtue of Act No. 942.[10] On November 25, 1903, Muntinlupa was incorporated under Act No. 1008 and included within the boundary of the province of La Laguna under the municipality of Biñan.[11] Muntinlupa residents protested this Executive Act, and through their town head, Marcelo Fresnedi, filed a formal petition to the Governor for the return of the municipality to the province of Rizal. On March 22, 1905, Act No. 1308 paved the way for Muntinlupa's return to the province of Rizal to then become a part of Taguig, along with Pateros.[12][13]
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