Katana VentraIP

Philadelphia crime family

The Philadelphia crime family, also known as the Bruno–Scarfo crime family,[19] the Philadelphia–Atlantic City crime family,[20] the Philadelphia Mafia,[21][22] the Philly Mafia,[23][24][25] or the Philadelphia–South Jersey Mafia,[26][27][28] is an Italian-American Mafia crime family based in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Formed and based in South Philadelphia, the criminal organization primarily operates in Philadelphia (especially South Philadelphia) and the Greater Philadelphia metropolitan area in general, including South Jersey.[29][30][31][32] The family is notorious for its violence, its succession of violent bosses, and multiple mob wars.

Founded

c. 1911 (1911)

Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States, specifically South Philadelphia

c. 1911–present

Primarily the Philadelphia metropolitan area and South Jersey, with additional territory in North Jersey, Delaware, Boston and South Florida[1]

Italians as "made men" and other ethnicities as associates

50 made members and 100 associates (2004)[2]

Racketeering, extortion, bookmaking, loan-sharking; gambling, sports betting; fraud, drug trafficking, money laundering, labor racketeering and corruption, fencing, illicit cigarette trade, political corruption, smuggling, prostitution, armed robbery, gunrunning, and murder[3]

Operating as the Bruno crime family under the 21-year reign of boss Angelo Bruno (1959–1980), the family enjoyed an era of peace and prosperity.[33][34] A complex dispute involving disgruntled subordinates and territory claims by New York's Genovese crime family led to Bruno's murder in 1980. The killing marked the beginning of years of internal violence for control of the Philadelphia family, leading to a gradual decline in the family's stability.


Beginning in 1980, however, Bruno's death led to an internal war for control of the crime family. Bruno was succeeded as boss by his loyal friend, Philip "The Chicken Man" Testa; however, within a year of Bruno's murder, Testa was also murdered, killed in a nail bomb explosion in 1981. When the dust settled from Bruno and Testa's deaths, Nicodemo "Little Nicky" Scarfo emerged as boss of the crime family. During Scarfo's reign, the family was known as the Scarfo crime family.[35][22][26][27][28][34][36][37] Scarfo's 10-year reign saw the family grow in power, but also become highly dysfunctional. Unlike Bruno, Scarfo was infamous for his short temper and penchant for violence. Scarfo increasingly involved the family in narcotics trafficking and demanded that all criminals pay a street tax for operating in his territory. Scarfo also did not hesitate to order people murdered over moderate disputes. The dramatic rise in violence attracted increased attention from the FBI, Pennsylvania State Police and New Jersey State Police. Increased violence and law enforcement prosecutions also convinced several mobsters to cooperate with the government in order to escape death or prison. Scarfo's downfall came in 1988, when he and most of his top allies were arrested and sentenced to long prison terms.


With Scarfo's imprisonment, the Mafia hierarchy was convinced that Scarfo was unfit for the position of boss. Once Scarfo was deposed due to rising tensions within the family, John Stanfa was named boss of the Philadelphia family in 1991. A faction of young mobsters led by Joey Merlino disputed Stanfa's ascension, however, launching another war in the family by 1992.


The war ended in 1994, when Stanfa and most of his supporters were arrested by the FBI, though less intensified fighting continued until 1996 and began to involve violence from outside the family until the early 2000s. Merlino subsequently took control of the family and has allegedly been running the family to varying degrees ever since. The Philadelphia family has been weakened over the past 30 years due to internal violence, government turncoats, and law enforcement action following the passage of the RICO Act. Despite this, the family still remains one of the most active and powerful Mafia groups in the United States.

c.1911–1931 — — retired, deceased in 1962

Salvatore Sabella

1931–1936 — John "Nazzone" Avena — murdered on August 17, 1936

1936–1946 — Giuseppe "Joseph Bruno" Dovi

1946–1958 — — deported in 1958, deceased in 1960s–1970s

Giuseppe "Joseph" Ida

1958–1959 — — deposed by the Commission

Antonio "Mr. Miggs" Pollina

1959–1980 — — murdered on March 21, 1980

Angelo "The Gentle Don" Bruno

1980–1981 — — murdered on March 15, 1981

Philip "the Chicken Man" Testa

Salvatore "Chuckie" Merlino

1990–1995 — — imprisoned for life

Giovanni "John" Stanfa

Joseph "Skinny Joey" Merlino

[115]

Boss – became boss in 1999,[77] and is believed to still be the boss of the Philadelphia crime family.[121][122]

Joseph "Skinny Joey" Merlino

Street BossMichael "Mikey Lance" Lancelotti – longtime member of the Philadelphia family. Lancelotti's position was confirmed on November 18, 2020, when the United States Department of Justice provided the initials "M.L." as the current street boss for the Philadelphia crime family.[113]

[123]

Underboss – the underboss, according to the U.S. Department of Justice.[113] On November 23, 2020, Mazzone was indicted along with capo Dominick Grande, his brother soldier Salvatore Mazzone and others on racketeering and gambling charges.[112][113] On December 15, 2022, Mazzone was sentenced to serve five years in prison.[114] He is scheduled to be released from federal custody on March 17, 2027.[124]

Steven "Stevie" Mazzone

Acting Underboss – Unknown

Consigliere – served as longtime acting boss for boss Joey Merlino.[125] Ligambi's position was confirmed on November 18, 2020, when the Department of Justice provided the initials "J.L." as the current consigliere for the Philadelphia crime family.[113]

Joseph "Uncle Joe" Ligambi

Vincent "Al Pajamas" Pagano: During the Merlino-Stanfa war, Pagano was a under John Stanfa. In January 1994, Pagano along with Frank Martines, was involved with the botched murder on FBI witness John Veasey.[157] Veasey testified against Pagano and he was found guilty of racketeering in 1995 and was sentenced to life imprisonment.[158][159] In February 2019, Pagano died of natural causes at the age of 89.

Caporegime

Joseph "Joe Crutch" Curro: Curro first became noticed by law enforcement in 1976 overheard on a wiretap at the restaurant of Frank Sindone. He died of cancer in 2004.

caporegime

– former capo. Previte was a Philadelphia Police Department officer for over a decade and was forced to resign around 1979. He became a bouncer in an Atlantic City casino shortly after. In 1985, he was arrested on theft charges and agreed to become an informer for the New Jersey state police.[160] By 1993, he was a soldier in John Stanfa's Philadelphia crime family, and although he wasn't formally inducted, Stanfa allegedly told Previte to consider himself as a made man. He became an informer in 1997 and agreed to wear a wire for the FBI, he was also paid over $700,000 for information during his time as an informant.[161] His cooperation, in part, led to former boss Ralph Natale's decision to cooperate in 1999. His testimony and cooperation has brought down at least 50 Philadelphia crime family members and associates.[162] He died in August 2017 at the age of 73.

Ron Previte

Andrew Thomas DelGiorno – former captain. DelGiorno first became active with the Philadelphia crime family around 1964 and had gotten involved in the bookmaking business. He admitted to his participation in 5 murders during the 1980s.[164] He testified against boss Nicky Scarfo and 16 other Philadelphia mobsters in November 1988.[165]

[163]

Nicholas "Nicky Crow" Caramandi – former hitman and soldier. In 1986, Caramandi alongside Robert Rego and former Democratic- member, Leland Beloff, attempted to extort $1 million from real estate developer Willard Rouse, for funding revolved around the construction of Penn's Landing in Philadelphia.[166][167] As a result of the 1984 slaying of Philadelphia captain Salvatore Testa, Caramandi, Joseph Grande and Charles Iannece were inducted into the Philadelphia family.[168][169] After he received a message from Philadelphia crime family member Raymond Martorano while in prison, who alleged boss Nicky Scarfo was planning to have him murdered, and facing over 20 years in prison, Caramandi agreed to become a government witness.[170][171][172]

Pennsylvania House of Representatives

Eugene "Gino" Milano – former soldier and hitman. In 1981, he and captain Salvatore Testa allegedly beat up Frank D'Alfonso, on orders of Scarfo. In January 1988, he was indicted on murder, attempted murder, extortion, gambling and conspiracy to distribute narcotic charges, alongside boss Nicky Scarfo and 18 others.[174] Milano became a government witness in early 1989 and admitted to participation in the murder of Frank D'Alfonso on July 23, 1985. It is noted that he has testified against his younger brother.[175] In 1990, he was sentenced to 15 years in prison, however in 1993, his sentence was reduced to 9-years imprisonment.[176]

[173]

Lawerence "Yogi" Merlino – former captain. He is the deceased uncle of current Philadelphia family boss Joey Merlino and the brother to Chuckie Merlino.[178] Due to his ownership of a construction company based in Atlantic City, Merlino relatives have been repeatedly denied a gaming license by the New Jersey Casino Control Commission since 1989.[179][180] In 1989, he agreed to become an informer and pleaded guilty to federal racketeering charges and to a murder charge. He died in 2001.

[177]

– former underboss and nephew of former Philadelphia crime family boss Nicky Scarfo. He participated in his first murder at the age of 10 and helped Scarfo dispose of a corpse, a man Scarfo killed with an ice pick in a New Jersey bar for disrespecting him, the young Leonetti was used as a decoy. The first person he killed was a drug user named Louie DeMarco in 1976 on orders of boss Angelo Bruno.[181] In 1978, he shot Vincent Falcone twice and killed him, which prompted associate Joe Salerno to become a government witness.[182][183] He was inducted into the Philadelphia mob as a soldier in 1980. Leonetti was sentenced to 45 years in prison in 1987.[184] He decided to become a government witness in 1989. Leonetti admitted to being the trigger man in 2 murders and participated in 8 separate murders.[185] He was scheduled to testify against Gambino crime family boss John Gotti on January 21, 1992, however Gambino underboss Sammy "the Bull" Gravano agreed to testify instead.[186] In May 1992, former federal judge Franklin Van Antwerpen reduced Leonetti's sentence to 6-years imprisonment. He testified against Genovese crime family boss Vincent Gigante in 1997 and claimed Gigante ordered 6 murder contracts as retaliation for murdering Philadelphia bosses Angelo Bruno and Phil Testa without approval from the other crime families, specifically in New York.[187] He released a book about his life in 2012.[188]

Phil "Crazy Phil" Leonetti

George Fresolone – former soldier. During his imprisonment for illegal gambling and loansharking, Fresolone became an informant for the New Jersey State police in 1988. He recorded more than 400 conversations and his information was responsible for the indictment of nearly 40 mobsters.[190] He wore a wire during his ceremony in July 1990 to become an official member of the Philadelphia mob.[191] He died in 2002.

[189]

Salvatore "Wayne" Grande – former soldier. On September 14, 1984, he shot and killed captain Salvatore Testa, the son of , who became boss of the Philadelphia mob for a brief period and who also inducted Grande four years earlier.[192] According to former Philadelphia crime family underboss and government witness Phil Leonetti, Grande repeatedly attempted to murder Harry Riccobene but failed, an enemy of the Scarfo faction, including an incident where Riccobene managed to survive 5 gunshot wounds to his face.[193] In 1988, he was convicted on federal racketeering charges and informed on American Mafia mobsters later on during his imprisonment.[194] Some of his relatives remain in the mob, including his son, who was allegedly inducted in 2011.

Phil Testa

John Veasey – former associate and hitman. He was part of the Stanfa faction during the Philadelphia mob war from 1992 to 1994. In August 1993, Veasey shot and killed Michael "Mikey Chang" Ciancaglini during a drive-by shooting, and wounded Joey Merlino with 4 gunshot wounds. In September 1993, he shot and killed Frank Baldino Sr. outside of the Melrose Diner in South Philadelphia.[196][197] He alleged that Stanfa became withdrawn after Veasey's complaints and ordered a contract on him. On January 14, 1994, he was lured to a second-floor apartment and noted that the room was covered in plastic, the hitmen alleged that they were "painting". Moments after, he was shot 3 times in the head and once in the chest. Veasey managed to stab one of the attackers and hit the other one, eventually fleeing the apartment.[198][199] In January 1994, he became a government witness. On the day of John Stanfa's trial in October 1995 which Veasey was scheduled to testify at, his brother, William "Bill" Veasey, was murdered.[200][201] He was sent to prison in the mid-1990s and was released in 2005. He released a book about his life in January 2012.[202]

[195]

Rosario Conti Bellocchi – former soldier and hitman. He was engaged to John Stanfa's niece. Along with fellow Philadelphia mob soldier, Biagio Adornetto, he departed Sicily to work for Stanfa.[204]

[203]

Biagio Adornetto – former soldier. He survived a failed assassination attempt on his life as friend and fellow Philly mob soldier, Rosario Bellocchi, loaded the shotgun with the wrong size of bullets; Adornetto was accused of flirting with John Stanfa's niece.

[205]

Philip Colletti – former soldier. He was part of the Stanfa faction. According to Colletti, he created a remote-control bomb which was planted under Joey Merlino's car in 1993 and failed to detonate multiple times. His wife testified that Colletti and his wife participated in the disposing of a car which was used in a mob hit, the death of Michael Ciancaglini and wounding of Merlino, and fellow Philadelphia mob member and informer John Veasey testified that Colletti was with him when the shooting took place.[207][208]

[206]

Ralph Natale – former boss between 1994 and 1998. Natale was inducted by Joey Merlino while in prison in 1994 however he later claimed that he became a member under Angelo Bruno. He reached out to the FBI in the summer of 1998 while imprisoned on parole violations however a deal was worked out in 1999 after facing a charge of conspiracy to manufacture and distribute methamphetamine's in Philadelphia and New Jersey, alongside Joey Merlino.[210][211] In 2000, he pleaded guilty to illegal gambling, extortion and drug distribution charges, including participating in 7 murders.[212] He also admitted to handing bribes of around $50,000 to Milton Milan, the Democratic 45th mayor of Camden, New Jersey.[213] He was interviewed by Trevor McDonald in 2015 and released a book about his mob life in 2017.[214]

[209]

Robert "Boston Bob" Luisi Jr. – former captain under Joey Merlino. Originally an associate of the , he joined the Philadelphia mob and became inducted in 1998. On November 6, 1995, his father, cousin, brother and family friend were killed by gunman Anthony Clemente who fired 13 shots inside of a Charlestown restaurant.[215] It is noted that he attempted to seize control of the criminal rackets of Whitey Bulger in Boston during the 1990s, and attempted to meet Kevin Weeks in 1998. He was indicted by the FBI on June 28, 1999, alongside 13 others for conspiracy to acquire and distribute cocaine. In 2000, he admitted to the murder of Anthony DiPrizio in 1997.[216][217] He later became a pastor and relocated in Tennessee using the alias Alonso Esposito.[218]

Patriarca crime family

Peter "Pete the Crumb" Caprio – former capo. In July 2000, he admitted to conspiring to commit murder, extortion and other crimes. During the case, he was accused of participating in the murder of William Gantz in 1994 and Joseph Sodano in 1996. Caprio testified against the absent Genovese crime family captain Lawrence Ricci in October 2005, who was murdered a few weeks before his trial.[220]

[219]

Gaetano "Tommy Horsehead" Scafidi – former soldier. By 1986, he was a money runner for boss Nicky Scarfo, collecting and delivering money payments each week on behalf of Scarfo. His brother, Tori Scafidi, was also a soldier in the Philly crime family and was inducted in 1986. He joined the Merlino faction during the Philadelphia mob war in the 1990s, who opposed new boss John Stanfa. However he switched sides and was shortly after inducted into the crime family by Stanfa. In 1993, two gunmen attempted to kill him however the bullet shattered his car mirror. He became an informer in 2000.[222]

[221]

In popular culture[edit]

In 2006, the film 10th & Wolf was released, and marketed as the true story of the Philadelphia Mafia.

History of Italian Americans in Philadelphia

Italian Market, Philadelphia

Frank Palumbo

Anastasia, George. Blood and Honor: Inside the Scarfo Mob, the Mafia's Most Violent Family. 2004,  0940159864

ISBN

Anastasia, George. Goodfella Tapes.

Anastasia, George. The Last Gangster.

Jenkins, Philip, and Gary Potter. "The politics and mythology of organized crime: a Philadelphia case-study." Journal of Criminal Justice 15.6 (1987): 473-484.

Morello, Celeste Anne. Book One Before Bruno: The History of the Mafia and La Cosa Nostra in Philadelphia. Publication date: Apr 28, 2000,  9780967733418

ISBN

Morello, Celeste Anne. Book Two Before Bruno: The History of the Philadelphia Mafia, 1931-1946. Publication date: Nov 28, 2001,  9780967733425

ISBN

Morello, Celeste Anne. Book Three Before Bruno and How He Became Boss: The History of the Philadelphia Mafia, Book 3—1946–1959. Publication date: Aug 28, 2005,  9780977053209

ISBN

Salerno, Joseph. The Plumber: The True Story of how One Good Man Helped Destroy the Entire Philadelphia Mafia (Knightsbridge, 1990).

Wagman, Robert J. Blood Oath.

Archived June 13, 2013, at the Wayback Machine

"Hitting the Hit Men Even alleged killers can be beaten up by a gang of thugs" by Brendan McGarvey

Archived November 27, 2006, at the Wayback Machine

IPSN: The Philadelphia/Atlantic City Mob