Post-disco
Post-disco is a term to describe an aftermath in popular music history circa 1979–1986, imprecisely beginning with the backlash against disco music in the United States, leading to civil unrest and a riot in Chicago known as the Disco Demolition Night on July 12, 1979, and indistinctly ending with the mainstream appearance of new wave in 1980.[1] During its dying stage, disco displayed an increasingly electronic character that soon served as a stepping stone to new wave, old-school hip hop, Euro disco, and was succeeded by an underground club music called hi-NRG, which was its direct continuation.
An underground movement of disco music, which was simultaneously "stripped-down" and featured "radically different sounds,"[2] took place on the East Coast that "was neither disco and neither R&B."[3] This scene, known as post-disco,[nb 1] catering to the New York metropolitan area, was initially led by urban contemporary artists partially in response to the perceived over-commercialization and artistic downfall of disco culture. It was developed from the rhythm and blues sound exemplified by Parliament-Funkadelic,[6] the electronic side of disco, dub music techniques, and other genres. Post-disco was typified by New York City music groups like "D" Train[3] and Unlimited Touch[3] who followed a more urban approach while others, like Material[7] and ESG,[8] followed a more experimental one. Post-disco was, like disco, a singles-driven market[2] controlled mostly by independent record companies that generated a cross-over chart success all through the early-to-mid 1980s. Most creative control was in the hands of record producers and club DJs[2] which was a trend that outlived the dance-pop era.
The term post-disco is often conflated with individual styles of its era, such as boogie,[2][9] synth-funk, or electro-funk.[10] Other musical styles that emerged in the post-disco era include dance-pop[11][12] and Italo disco, and the genre led to the development of the early alternative dance,[2] club-centered house[11][13][14][15] and techno music.[14][16][17][18][19]