President of Brazil
The president of Brazil (Portuguese: presidente do Brasil), officially the president of the Federative Republic of Brazil (Portuguese: presidente da República Federativa do Brasil) or simply the President of the Republic, is the head of state and head of government of Brazil. The president leads the executive branch of the federal government and is the commander-in-chief of the Brazilian Armed Forces.
For a list, see List of presidents of Brazil.President of the Federative Republic of Brazil
- Mr. President[1]
- (Informal)
- His/Her Excellency
- (formal)
Direct popular vote (two rounds if necessary)
Four years,
renewable once consecutively
Emperor of Brazil (as Head of State)
President of the Council of Ministers of Brazil (as Head of Government)
Proclamation of the Republic
15 November 1889
The presidential system was established in 1889, upon the proclamation of the republic in a military coup d'état against Emperor Pedro II. Since then, Brazil has had six constitutions, three dictatorships, and three democratic periods. During the democratic periods, voting has always been compulsory. The Constitution of Brazil, along with several constitutional amendments, establishes the requirements, powers, and responsibilities of the president, their term of office and the method of election.[3]
Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva is the 39th and current president. He was sworn in on 1 January 2023.
As of 2015,[11] the president receives a monthly salary of R$30,934.70,[12] along with an undisclosed expense account to cover travel, goods and services while in office.[13] Given that in Brazil all private and public sector employees and civil servants receive an additional compensation equivalent to one monthly salary after a year of work (this compensation is known as the thirteenth salary), the president receives 13 payments per year, resulting in an annual salary of R$402,151.10.
The Palácio do Planalto in Brasília is the official workplace of the president and the Palácio da Alvorada their official residence. The president is entitled to use its staff and facilities.[14][15] The Residência Oficial do Torto, popularly known as Granja do Torto, is a ranch located on the outskirts of the capital and is used as a country retreat by the president.[16] The Palácio Rio Negro in Petrópolis, Rio de Janeiro, is a summer retreat of the president, although used rarely.[17]
The official residence of the vice president is the Jaburu Palace in Brasília.
In the 2000s, the federal government decided to establish Regional Offices of the Presidency of the Republic in certain key Brazilian cities. Those regional offices are not presidential residences, but they are fully staffed offices ready to receive the president and his ministers at any time, and they function as a presidential workplace when the president is in those cities. The first regional office of the presidency was established in the city of São Paulo, and is located at the Banco do Brasil building at the Paulista Avenue; the building also houses Banco do Brasil's regional headquarters in São Paulo. The presidency of the republic also maintains regional offices in Porto Alegre and in Belo Horizonte.
For ground travel, the president uses the presidential state car, which is an armored version of the 2019 Ford Fusion Hybrid[18] built on a Ford CD3 platform. A 1952 Rolls-Royce Silver Wraith is used by the president on ceremonial occasions, such as Independence Day commemorations, state visits and the inauguration of the president-elect.[19] A modified version of the Airbus A319, air force designation VC-1A, is used to transport the president on all medium international flights,[20][21] for intercontinental flights the president uses a military version of an Airbus A330-200, called KC-30.[22] Two modified Embraer 190 jets, air force designation VC-2, are used for short and medium range presidential travel.[23] When the president is on board, the aircraft receive the call sign "Brazilian Air Force One".[21] Two modified military versions of the Eurocopter Super Puma, air force designation VH-34, are currently used as the main presidential helicopters.[24]
The following privileges are guaranteed to former presidents by law:
