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Punk rock

Punk rock (also known as simply punk) is a music genre that emerged in the mid-1970s. Rooted in 1950s rock and roll[2][3][4] and 1960s garage rock, punk bands rejected the corporate nature of mainstream 1970s rock music. They typically produced short, fast-paced songs with hard-edged melodies and singing styles with stripped-down instrumentation. Lyricism in punk typically revolves around anti-establishment and anti-authoritarian themes. Punk embraces a DIY ethic; many bands self-produce recordings and distribute them through independent labels.

For the 1960s genre also known as "punk rock", see Garage rock. For the play, see Punk Rock (play).

Punk rock

Punk

Mid-1970s, United States, United Kingdom, and Australia

The term "punk rock" was previously used by American rock critics in the early 1970s to describe the mid-1960s garage bands. Certain late 1960s and early 1970s Detroit acts, such as MC5 and Iggy and the Stooges, and other bands from elsewhere created out-of-the-mainstream music that became highly influential on what was to come. Glam rock in the UK and the New York Dolls from New York have also been cited as key influences. Between 1974 and 1976, when the genre that became known as punk was developing, prominent acts included Television, Patti Smith, and the Ramones in New York City; the Saints in Brisbane; the Sex Pistols, the Clash, and the Damned in London, and the Buzzcocks in Manchester. By late 1976, punk had become a major cultural phenomenon in the UK. It gave rise to a punk subculture that expressed youthful rebellion through distinctive styles of clothing, such as T-shirts with deliberately offensive graphics, leather jackets, studded or spiked bands and jewellery, safety pins, and bondage and S&M clothes.


In 1977, the influence of the music and subculture spread worldwide. It took root in a wide range of local scenes that often rejected affiliation with the mainstream. In the late 1970s, punk experienced a second wave, when new acts that had not been active during its formative years adopted the style. By the early 1980s, faster and more aggressive subgenres, such as hardcore punk (e.g., Minor Threat), Oi! (e.g., Sham 69), street punk (e.g., the Exploited), and anarcho-punk (e.g., Crass), became some of the predominant modes of punk rock, while bands more similar in form to the first wave (e.g., X, the Adicts) also flourished. Many musicians who identified with punk or were inspired by it went on to pursue other musical directions, giving rise to movements such as post-punk, new wave, thrash metal, and alternative rock. Following alternative rock's mainstream breakthrough in the 1990s with Nirvana, punk rock saw renewed major-label interest and mainstream appeal exemplified by the rise of the California bands Green Day, Social Distortion, Rancid, the Offspring, Bad Religion, and NOFX.

Punk ideologies

Women in punk rock

(2006, dir. Paul Rachman) – American hardcore punk scene

American Hardcore

(1984, dir. Adam Small, Peter Stuart) – Social Distortion and Youth Brigade on tour, also Minor Threat

Another State of Mind

(2000, dir. Don Letts) – Story of the Clash

The Clash: Westway to the World

(2015, dir. Wes Orshoski) – Story of The Damned

The Damned: Don't You Wish That We Were Dead

(1981, dir. Penelope Spheeris) – Early Los Angeles punk scene

The Decline of Western Civilization

(2014, dir. Craig DeLuz, Michael Allen) – Origins of punk rock

D.O.A.: A Rite of Passage

(2000, dir. Julien Temple) – Story of the Sex Pistols from the band's perspective

The Filth and the Fury

(2022, dir. Danny Boyle) - scripted miniseries based on the memoir Lonely Boy by Steve Jones.

Pistol

Punk Rock Britannia Part 1 Pre-Punk: 1972–1976 (2012, dir. Andy Dunn) -Documentary from a three-part TV series produced by the BBC

Punk Rock Britannia Part 2 Punk: 1976–1978 (2012, dir. Sam Bridger) – Documentary from a three-part TV series produced by the BBC

Punk Rock Britannia Part 3 Post-Punk: 1978–1981 (2012, dir. Benjamin Whalley) – Documentary from a three-part TV series produced by the BBC

(1978, dir. Don Letts) – The early punk scene in London

The Punk Rock Movie

The Punk Rock Singer (2013, dir. ) – Kathleen Hanna of Bikini Kill and riot grrrl

Sini Anderson

Salad Days: A Decade of Punk in Washington, DC (2014, dir. Scott Crawford) – DC punk bands and

Dischord Records

(1986, dir. W. T. Morgan) – Los Angeles band X

X: The Unheard Music

at Curlie

Punk rock

archival collection with the personal papers of NYC punk figures.

Fales Library of NYU Downtown Collection

1990 essay by rock critic A.S. Van Dorston

A History of Punk

by Robert Christgau, The Village Voice, January 9, 1978

"We Have to Deal With It: Punk England Report"

Black Punk Time: Blacks in Punk, New Wave and Hardcore 1976–1984 by James Porter and Jake Austen and many other contributors Roctober Magazine 2002

Southend Punk Rock History 1976 – 1986, a detailed site containing information on the Punk Rock explosion as experienced by Southend-on-Sea, Essex, UK

Germany's first English-language punk rock fanzine from Wildberg, West Germany

Schmock Fanzine, 1984