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San Marino

San Marino (/ˌsæn məˈrn/ SAN mə-REE-noh, Italian: [sam maˈriːno]; Romagnol: San Maréin or San Maroin), officially the Republic of San Marino[1][2][8] (Italian: Repubblica di San Marino) and also known as the Most Serene Republic of San Marino[9] (Italian: Serenissima Repubblica di San Marino), is a European microstate and enclave within Italy.[10] Located on the northeastern side of the Apennine Mountains, it is the fifth-smallest country in the world,[11] with a land area of just over 61 km2 (23+12 sq mi) and a population of 33,660 as of 2022.[4]

For other uses, see San Marino (disambiguation).

Republic of San Marino[1][2]
Repubblica di San Marino (Italian)

Unitary parliamentary diarchic directorial republic

3 September 301 (traditional)

1291

  • 8 October 1600
    (statutes)
  • 12 July 1978
    (Declaration of Citizen Rights)

61.19 km2 (23.63 sq mi)[1] (191st)

0

35,436[4] (191st)

579/km2 (1,499.6/sq mi) (24th)

2023 estimate

Increase $2.872 billion[5] (171st)

Increase $84,135[5] (9th)

2023 estimate

Increase $1.998 billion[5] (176th)

Increase $58,540[5] (17th)

Increase 0.867[6]
very high (43rd)

Euro () (EUR)

UTC+01 (CET)

UTC+02fas (CEST)

right

+378 (+39 0549 calling via Italy)

San Marino is a landlocked country; however, its northeastern end is within ten kilometres (six miles) of the Italian city of Rimini on the Adriatic coast. The country's capital city, the City of San Marino, is located atop Monte Titano, while its largest settlement is Dogana, within the municipality of Serravalle. San Marino's official language is Italian.


The country derives its name from Saint Marinus, a stonemason from the then-Roman island of Rab in present-day Croatia. According to legendary accounts, he was born in 275 AD, participated in the rebuilding of Rimini's city walls after their destruction by Liburnian pirates, and later founded an independent monastic community on Monte Titano in 301 AD; thus, San Marino lays claim to being the oldest extant sovereign state, as well as the oldest constitutional republic.[12]


Uniquely, San Marino's constitution dictates that its democratically elected legislature, the Grand and General Council, must elect two heads of state every six months. Known as the Captains Regent, they serve concurrently and with equal powers.


The country's economy is mainly based on finance, industry, services, retail, and tourism. It is one of the wealthiest countries in the world in GDP per capita, with a figure comparable to the most developed European regions.[1] Despite this, its Human Development Index score is 44th, the lowest in Western Europe.[13] Its healthcare system ranked third in the first ever World Health Organization analysis of the world's health systems.[14]

(1506 in San Marino – 1554), architect

Giovanni Battista Belluzzi

(fl. 1637), composer of early Baroque music

Francesco Maria Marini

(1630 in Genova – 1700), Catholic archbishop

Francesco de' Marini

(1759–1825), statesman, "Father of his Country".

Antonio Onofri

(1941 in Tivoli – 2013), pop and rock musician

Little Tony

(born 1953 in San Marino), politician who has held multiple ministerial posts

Pasquale Valentini

(born 1959 in San Marino), football player who played for Juventus

Massimo Bonini

(born 1964 in San Marino), footballer who played for Bologna FC, Parma, Reggiana, and AC Milan.

Marco Macina

(born 1975 in San Marino), singer who represented San Marino four times in the Eurovision Song Contest

Valentina Monetta

(born 1983 in San Marino), Grand Prix motorcycle road racing World Champion

Manuel Poggiali

(born 1984 in Rimini), Grand Prix motorcycle road racer

Alex de Angelis

(born 1988 in Rimini), shooting Olympic silver and bronze medalist and first San Marino citizen to win a medal (Tokyo 2020)

Alessandra Perilli

(born 1982 in San Marino), shooting Olympic silver medalist and second San Marino citizen to win a medal (Tokyo 2020)

Gian Marco Berti

(born 1996 in Dearborn, Michigan), 2020 86 kg wrestling Olympic bronze medalist and third San Marino citizen to win a medal (Tokyo 2020)

Myles Nazem Amine

The Catholic Guide and Scout Association of San Marino

City-state

Index of San Marino–related articles

Outline of San Marino

Postage stamps and postal history of San Marino

Telecommunications in San Marino

and Order of Saint Agatha

Order of San Marino

Official government website

Benvenuti in GOV.SM

Economic Development Agency website portal

Economic Development Agency Chamber of Commerce

Geographic data related to at OpenStreetMap

San Marino