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Two witnesses

In the Book of Revelation, the two witnesses (Ancient Greek: δύο μαρτύρων, romanizedduo martyron) are two prophets who are mentioned in Revelation 11:1-14. Some Christians interpret this as two people, two groups of people, or two concepts. Some believe they are Enoch and Elijah, as in the Gospel of Nicodemus, since they are the only two that did not see death as required by the Scriptures,[1] while others believe them to be Moses and Elijah because they appeared during the transfiguration of Jesus,[2] or because Enoch was not Abraham's descendant. They have the power to shut the heavens (Elijah) and turn water into blood (Moses).

Dispensationalist Christians believe that the events described in the Book of Revelation will occur before and during the Second Coming.

In popular culture[edit]

The two witnesses play a central role in the supernatural drama television series Sleepy Hollow.  The first witness is Ichabod Crane, a Revolutionary War soldier who, after battling with the Horseman of Death (whom he causes to be headless), awakens in Sleepy Hollow in 2013.  The second witness is Lieutenant Abbie Mills, a contemporary woman in law enforcement who helps Crane adjust to the 21st century and aids him in battling dæmonic forces.  The two witnesses must face 'Seven Tribulations' (although other characters note that the Witnesses are only required to witness the events rather than take action themselves), the first being Moloch, the master of the Horsemen.  The second Tribulation is Pandora and her master, an ancient Sumerian god known as the Hidden One. Third was Malcolm Dryfus and Jobe. Although Lieutenant Mills (now Agent Mills of the F. B. I.) loses her soul, there must always be two witnesses, and the mantle passes on to Molly Thomas on her eleventh birthday.  Not long thereafter, Molly's older self, going by the name Lara, comes from the future to aid Crane in his battles, thereby assuming the mantle of the witness from her younger self.


In the Left Behind franchise, the two witnesses prophesy at the Wailing Wall in Jerusalem. They are later revealed to be Elijah and Moses, and are killed by the Antichrist Nicolae Carpathia.

2300 day prophecy

Day-year principle

Events of Revelation (Chapter 11)

Great Tribulation

Prophecy of Seventy Weeks

Hitchcock, Mark (1999). . Wheaton, Ill.: Tyndale House Publishers. ISBN 978-0-8423-1831-0.

The complete book of Bible prophecy

(2004). The Revelation of John (3rd ed. fully rev. and updated. ed.). Louisville, Ky.: Westminster John Knox Press. ISBN 978-0-664-22680-0.

Barclay, William

(1999). Every prophecy of the Bible. Colorado Springs, CO: Chariot Victor Pub. ISBN 978-1-56476-758-5.

Walvoord, John

Walvoord, John F. “Revelation.” In The Bible Knowledge Commentary: An Exposition of the Scriptures, edited by J. F. Walvoord and R. B. Zuck. Wheaton, IL: Victor Books, 1985.