Vs. (Pearl Jam album)
Vs. (pronounced versus) is the second studio album by the American rock band Pearl Jam, released on October 19, 1993, through Epic Records. After a relentless touring schedule in support of their 1991 debut album Ten, Pearl Jam headed into the studio in early 1993 facing the challenge of following up the commercial success of its debut. The resulting album, Vs., featured a rawer and more aggressive sound compared with the band's previous release. It was the band's first collaboration with the producer Brendan O'Brien and its first album with the drummer Dave Abbruzzese.
Vs.
Pearl Jam decided to scale back its promotional efforts for Vs., including declining to produce music videos for any of the album's singles. Upon its release, the album sold 950,378 copies in its first five days on sale, which set the record for most copies of an album sold during its first week since SoundScan began tracking sales data in 1991, a record it held for five years. It occupied the No. 1 spot on the Billboard 200 chart for five weeks, the longest duration for a Pearl Jam album. Vs. received critical acclaim and has been certified 7× platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA) for sales of at least seven million copies in the United States.
Recording[edit]
For its second album, Pearl Jam felt the pressure of trying to match the success of its debut album, Ten. In a 2002 interview, the guitarist Mike McCready said, "The band was blown up pretty big and everything was pretty crazy."[2] Vs. was the first Pearl Jam album to have production duties handled by Brendan O'Brien. It was also the band's first album with the drummer Dave Abbruzzese, who had joined the band in August 1991 and toured for the album Ten. Rehearsals for Vs. began in February 1993 at Potatohead Studio in Seattle. The band then moved to The Site in Nicasio, California, in March 1993 to begin recording. Abbruzzese called the tranquil recording site "paradise" while the singer Eddie Vedder said, "I fucking hate it here ... I've had a hard time ... How do you make a rock record here?"[3]
The band took the approach of recording one song at a time,[4] and agreed with O'Brien to mix the songs as each one was finished. O'Brien had the band members set up much as they do live,[5] and most of the songs were developed out of jam sessions. The guitarist Stone Gossard said, "I think we allowed things to develop in a more natural, band-oriented sort of way, rather than me bringing in a bunch of stuff that was already arranged." Gossard added that most of the songs were arranged once Vedder joined in and started singing, elaborating, "You could tell when the music wanted to change just by the way he was singing."[6] In a 2009 interview, Gossard stated, "[Vs.] was probably where it felt better recording-wise. I saw how it could change and evolve which gave me a lot of inspiration to go we can do ballads, we can do fast stuff, we can do slow stuff, we can do punk stuff. That was where I realized there were going to be a lot of places to go with Ed."[7]
The first week of recording produced "Go", "Blood", "Rats", and "Leash" before the band hit a lull.[3] In order to keep up his intensity, Vedder traveled into San Francisco and began sleeping in his truck,[3] as well as the sauna at the recording studio.[8] The bassist Jeff Ament said, "Recording Vs., there was a lot more pressure on Ed. The whole follow-up. I thought we were playing so well as a band that it would take care of itself ... He was having a hard time finishing up the songs; the pressure, and not being comfortable being in such a nice place." Ament added that "toward the end it got fairly intense" and that the band "tried to make it as uncomfortable for [Vedder] as we could."[8] Eventually the band was able to get "back on track" according to Ament as Vedder was allowed "to get in the space of his songs".[3] The album was finished in May 1993. Vedder later said, "The second record, that was the one I enjoyed making the least ... I just didn't feel comfortable in the place we were at because it was very comfortable. I didn't like that at all."[8]
Music and lyrics[edit]
The album featured a much looser and rawer sound compared to the band's debut album, Ten.[9] Ament said, "When we made Vs., our second record, I remember thinking, 'Man, I wish our first record sounded like this.' I thought it was more direct, more powerful."[10] Besides the heavier songs, the album features two acoustic ballads in "Daughter" and "Elderly Woman Behind the Counter in a Small Town". A few songs incorporate elements of funk, including "Animal", "Blood", and "Rats". McCready stated that it was not that the band "sat down and decided to be funky", but rather it came from the band "exploring different directions and combining our influences".[5] Paul Evans of Rolling Stone said "'Animal', 'Daughter' and 'Blood' ... are songs of a kind of ritual passion, tapping into something truly wild."[11] In a 2002 interview, Gossard said, "We got our heavyosity out on that record."[2]
The songs on the album tackle personal as well as social and political concerns. Vedder said that "you write what comes to you ... You try to reflect the mood of the songs."[12] Topics on the album include child abuse ("Daughter"), gun culture ("Glorified G"), police racism ("W.M.A."), and the media ("Blood"). "Daughter", "Dissident", and "Elderly Woman Behind the Counter in a Small Town" are three storytelling songs. "Daughter" tells the story of a child who is abused by her parents because they do not understand her learning disability; "Dissident" tells the story of a woman who takes in a political fugitive; and "Elderly Woman Behind the Counter in a Small Town" tells the story of an old lady who has been stuck in a small town her whole life.[13][14]
"Glorified G", a song mocking gun enthusiasts, was inspired by an incident that involved Abbruzzese telling the band he had just bought two guns, which sparked a conversation about guns within the band.[13] "W.M.A." was inspired by an incident that happened outside Pearl Jam's rehearsal studio in which Vedder got into an altercation with a group of police officers who hassled a black friend of his but ignored him.[13] Vedder said that "Rearviewmirror" is about being "in a car, leaving ... a bad situation".[12] Vedder stated that "Rats" is about the idea that "rats are probably a hell of a lot more admirable" than humans.[13] "Leash" was written about the same girl that the Ten song "Why Go" is about.[13] Regarding "Indifference", Vedder said it is about "[trying to] do something to make some other peoples' lives better than they are, even if it means going through hell. Three Faces of Me."[13]
Packaging[edit]
The album's cover art, photographed by Ament, features a black-and-white picture of an angora goat from Lifeline Farm in Victor, Montana. According to Ament, the cover was a representation of how the band felt at the time, with Ament stating "we were slaves".[8] The album booklet contains additional drawings and writings by Vedder, including one page apparently doodled at a business meeting that says "I will never trust anybody again."[28] The lyric page for "W.M.A." features a portion of a news story concerning Malice Green, a victim of police brutality.
Originally, the album was titled Five Against One (The song "Animal" features the lyric "One, two, three, four, five against one ..."). Concerning the original album title, Gossard said, "For me, that title represented a lot of struggles that you go through trying to make a record ... Your own independence—your own soul—versus everybody else's."[3] The album title was changed at the last minute, first to a self-titled album and then to Vs., a nod to the general theme of conflict present in most of the songs on the album. Regarding the title Vs., Vedder said, "They were writing all these articles ... Our band against somebody else's band. What the hell are they talking about? You know, don't try to separate the powers that be. We're all in this together."[34]
The decision to change the album's name at the last minute resulted in a few different versions of the album. There are also different versions of the album that are unrelated to the title. Regarding the different versions of the album, some of the first pressings of the cassette still contained Five Against One printed on the cassette itself,[35] the first couple of pressings of the cassette do not contain the title printed on the artwork at all,[35] and the lyrics to "Indifference" are included in the cassette version.[35] The first couple of pressings of the CD do not contain the title printed on the artwork at all,[36] and the initial versions of the CD came in an Ecopak, which was a variation on the traditional CD-sized Digipak. While not rare, they went out of print quickly and are now hard to find. The song titles are not printed on the back cover of this version, but the artwork remains the same.[37] The vinyl version has never had the title printed on it,[38] and the cover art on the vinyl copies is different from the CD and cassette.[38] For all versions, the picture of the "elderly woman" changed at some point after the first pressings. Allegedly, the original woman never gave permission for her picture to be used, so Pearl Jam changed the picture to another woman.[39] The difference is easy to spot, as "the new and improved woman behind the counter" is printed below the picture.[40]
Outtakes[edit]
Two songs recorded during the sessions but left off the album later appeared on the band's follow-up Vitalogy: "Whipping" and "Better Man". Both songs made their live debuts at the band's May 13, 1993, concert in San Francisco at Slim's Café, where the band premiered most of the newly recorded songs for Vs.[50] "Better Man" was said to have been rejected because Vedder was not comfortable with the song's accessibility.[8] Another song recorded during the sessions is "Hard to Imagine",[51] which later appeared on the soundtrack for the 1998 film, Chicago Cab; however, that version was recorded during sessions for Vitalogy. The version recorded for Vs. appears on the 2003 rarities compilation, Lost Dogs.[52] According to Gossard, "Hard to Imagine" was cut from Vs. because the band already had enough mellow songs for the album.[53] Pearl Jam's cover of the Victoria Williams song "Crazy Mary" (to which Williams herself contributed background vocals and guitar)[54] was also recorded during these sessions. "Crazy Mary" appeared on the 1993 tribute album, Sweet Relief: A Benefit for Victoria Williams, and later on the 2011 Vs. reissue, as a bonus track.[33] The Pearl Jam/Cypress Hill collaboration "Real Thing" was also recorded around this time. "Real Thing" appeared on the 1993 Judgment Night soundtrack.
Pearl Jam
Production