Katana VentraIP

Barcelona

Barcelona (/ˌbɑːrsəˈlnə/ BAR-sə-LOH-nə, Catalan: [bəɾsəˈlonə] , Spanish: [baɾθeˈlona] ) is a city on the northeastern coast of Spain. It is the capital and largest city of the autonomous community of Catalonia, as well as the second-most populous municipality of Spain. With a population of 1.6 million within city limits,[8] its urban area extends to numerous neighbouring municipalities within the province of Barcelona and is home to around 4.8 million people,[3] making it the fifth most populous urban area in the European Union after Paris, the Ruhr area, Madrid and Milan.[3] It is one of the largest metropolises on the Mediterranean Sea, located on the coast between the mouths of the rivers Llobregat and Besòs, bounded to the west by the Serra de Collserola mountain range.

This article is about the city in Spain. For the football club, see FC Barcelona. For other uses, see Barcelona (disambiguation).

Barcelona

Spain

101.4 km2 (39.2 sq mi)

12 m (39 ft)

1,620,343

2nd

16,000/km2 (41,000/sq mi)

4,840,000[3]

5,474,482[4]

Barcelonan, Barcelonian
barceloní, -ina (Catalan)
barcelonés, -esa (Spanish)

€159.8 billion (2020)

080xx

+34 (E) 93 (B)

08 0193

€3.6 billion[7]

Founded as a Roman city, in the Middle Ages Barcelona became the capital of the County of Barcelona. After joining with the Kingdom of Aragon to form the confederation of the Crown of Aragon, Barcelona, which continued to be the capital of the Principality of Catalonia, became the most important city in the Crown of Aragon and the main economic and administrative centre of the Crown, only to be overtaken by Valencia, wrested from Moorish control by the Catalans, shortly before the dynastic union between the Crown of Castile and the Crown of Aragon in 1492. Barcelona became the centre of Catalan separatism, briefly becoming part of France during the 17th century Reapers' War and again in 1812 until 1814 under Napoleon. It was the capital of Revolutionary Catalonia during the Spanish Revolution of 1936, and the seat of government of the Second Spanish Republic later in the Spanish Civil War, until its capture by the fascists in 1939. After the Spanish transition to democracy in the 1970s, Barcelona once again became the capital of an autonomous Catalonia.


Barcelona has a rich cultural heritage and is today an important cultural centre and a major tourist destination. Particularly renowned are the architectural works of Antoni Gaudí and Lluís Domènech i Montaner, which have been designated UNESCO World Heritage Sites. The city is home to two of the most prestigious universities in Spain: the University of Barcelona and Pompeu Fabra University. The headquarters of the Union for the Mediterranean are located in Barcelona. The city is known for hosting the 1992 Summer Olympics as well as world-class conferences and expositions. In addition, many international sport tournaments have been played here.


Barcelona is a major cultural, economic, and financial centre in southwestern Europe,[9] as well as the main biotech hub in Spain.[10] As a leading world city, Barcelona's influence in global socio-economic affairs qualifies it for global city status (Beta +).[11]


Barcelona is a transport hub, with the Port of Barcelona being one of Europe's principal seaports and busiest European passenger port,[12] an international airport, Barcelona–El Prat Airport, which handles over 50 million passengers per year,[13] an extensive motorway network, and a high-speed rail line with a link to France and the rest of Europe.[14]

Names

The name Barcelona comes from the ancient Iberian Baŕkeno, attested in an ancient coin inscription found on the right side of the coin in Iberian script as Barkeno in Levantine Iberian script,[15] in ancient Greek sources as Βαρκινών, Barkinṓn;[16][17] and in Latin as Barcino,[18] Barcilonum[19] and Barcenona.[20][21][22]


Some older sources suggest that the city may have been named after the Carthaginian general Hamilcar Barca, who was supposed to have founded the city in the 3rd century BC,[23] but there is no evidence that Barcelona was ever a Carthaginian settlement, or that its name in antiquity, Barcino, had any connection with the Barcid family of Hamilcar.[24] During the Middle Ages, the city was variously known as Barchinona, Barçalona, Barchelonaa, and Barchenona.


Internationally, Barcelona's name is abbreviated colloquially to 'Barça' as a result of its status as the hometown of the football club FC Barcelona, whose anthem is the Cant del Barça ("Barça chant"). A common abbreviated form used by locals for the city is Barna.


Another common abbreviation is 'BCN', which is also the IATA airport code of the Barcelona-El Prat Airport.


The city is referred to as the Ciutat Comtal in Catalan and Ciudad Condal in Spanish (i.e., "Comital City" or "City of Counts"), owing to its past as the seat of the Count of Barcelona.[25]

Ciutat Vella

Eixample

Sants-Montjuïc

Les Corts

Sarrià-Sant Gervasi

Gràcia

Horta-Guinardó

Nou Barris

Sant Andreu

Sant Martí

of Sagrada Família, the symbol of Barcelona.

Minor basilica

and Hospital de Sant Pau, designed by Lluís Domènech i Montaner, included in the UNESCO Heritage List in 1997.

Palau de la Música Catalana

Works by , including Park Güell, Palau Güell, Casa Milà (La Pedrera), Casa Vicens, Sagrada Família (Nativity façade and crypt), Casa Batlló, crypt in Church of Colònia Güell. The first three works were inscribed as a World Heritage Site in 1984. The other four were added as extensions to the site in 2005.

Antoni Gaudí

(Gothic)

The Cathedral of the Holy Cross and St. Eulalia

Gothic basilica of

Santa Maria del Mar

Gothic basilica of

Santa Maria del Pi

Romanesque church of

Sant Pau del Camp

medieval residence of the sovereign Counts of Barcelona, later Kings of Aragon

Palau Reial Major

The (gothic)

Royal Shipyard

(gothic)

Monastery of Pedralbes

The

Columbus Monument

The , a triumphal arch built for entrance to 1888 Barcelona Universal Exposition.

Arc de Triomf

on the summit of Tibidabo.

Expiatory church of the Sacred Heart of Jesus

The Historic Building of the

University of Barcelona

Saint Petersburg, Russia (1985, suspended in 2022)[180]

Russia

Outline of Barcelona

Architecture of Barcelona

Urban planning of Barcelona

Street names in Barcelona

List of markets in Barcelona

List of tallest buildings in Barcelona

Parks and gardens of Barcelona

Public art in Barcelona

Mobile World Congress

OPENCities

 This article incorporates text from a publication now in the : Smith, William, ed. (1854–1857). "Barcelona". Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography. London: John Murray.

public domain

"Barcelona". . Barcelona: Ed. Enciclopèdia Catalana S.A.

Gran Enciclopèdia Catalana

Busquets, Joan. Barcelona: The Urban Evolution of a Compact City (Harvard UP, 2006) 468 pp.

Marshall, Tim, ed. Transforming Barcelona (Routledge, 2004), 267 pp.

Ramon Resina, Joan. Barcelona's Vocation of Modernity: Rise and Decline of an Urban Image (Stanford UP, 2008). 272 pp.

Official website of Barcelona

Official website of Barcelona in Spain's national tourism portal