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Bremen

Bremen (Low German also: Breem or Bräm), officially the City Municipality of Bremen (German: Stadtgemeinde Bremen, IPA: [ˈʃtatɡəˌmaɪndə ˈbʁeːmən] ), is the capital of the German state Free Hanseatic City of Bremen (Freie Hansestadt Bremen), a two-city-state consisting of the cities of Bremen and Bremerhaven. With about 570,000 inhabitants, the Hanseatic city is the 11th largest city of Germany and the second largest city in Northern Germany after Hamburg.

This article is about the German city. For the German state consisting of Bremen and Bremerhaven, see Bremen (state). For other uses, see Bremen (disambiguation).

Bremen
Breem / Bräm (Low German)

5 boroughs, 19 districts, 88 subdistricts

326.73 km2 (126.15 sq mi)

11,627 km2 (4,489 sq mi)

12 m (39 ft)

569,396

1,700/km2 (4,500/sq mi)

2,800,000

Bremer (m), Bremerin (f)

28001–28779

HB (with 1 to 2 letters and 1 to 4 digits)[2]

Bremen is the largest city on the River Weser, the longest river flowing entirely in Germany, lying some 60 km (37 mi) upstream from its mouth into the North Sea, and is surrounded by the state of Lower Saxony. A commercial and industrial city, Bremen is, together with Oldenburg and Bremerhaven, part of the Bremen/Oldenburg Metropolitan Region, with 2.5 million people. Bremen is contiguous with the Lower Saxon towns of Delmenhorst, Stuhr, Achim, Weyhe, Schwanewede and Lilienthal. There is an exclave of Bremen in Bremerhaven, the "Citybremian Overseas Port Area Bremerhaven" (Stadtbremisches Überseehafengebiet Bremerhaven). Bremen is the fourth largest city in the Low German dialect area after Hamburg, Dortmund and Essen.


Bremen's port, together with the port of Bremerhaven at the mouth of the Weser, is the second largest port in Germany after the Port of Hamburg. The airport of Bremen (Flughafen Bremen "Hans Koschnick") lies in the southern borough of Neustadt-Neuenland and is Germany's 12th busiest airport.


Bremen is a major cultural and economic hub of Northern Germany. The city is home to dozens of historical galleries and museums, ranging from historical sculptures to major art museums, such as the Bremen Overseas Museum (Übersee-Museum Bremen).[3] The Bremen City Hall and the Bremen Roland are UNESCO World Heritage Sites. Bremen is well known through the Brothers Grimm's fairy tale "Town Musicians of Bremen" (Die Bremer Stadtmusikanten), and there is a statue dedicated to it in front of the city hall.


Bremen has a reputation as a working-class city.[4] The city is home to many multinationals and manufacturing companies headquartered in Bremen include Hachez chocolate and Vector Foiltec.[5] Bundesliga club SV Werder Bremen play in the Weserstadion on the bank of the Weser.

Many of the sights in Bremen are found in the Altstadt (Old Town), an oval area surrounded by the , on the southwest, and the Wallgraben, the former moats of the medieval city walls, on the northeast. The oldest part of the Altstadt is the southeast half, starting with the Marktplatz and ending at the Schnoor quarter.

Weser River

The (Market square) is dominated by the opulent façade of the Town Hall of Bremen. The building was erected between 1405 and 1410 in Gothic style, but the façade was built two centuries later (1609–12) in Renaissance style. The Town Hall is the seat of the president of the Senate of Bremen. Today, it hosts a restaurant in original decor with gigantic wine barrels, the Ratskeller in Bremen. In July 2004, along with the Bremen Roland, the building was added to the list of UNESCO World Heritage Sites.

Marktplatz

Two statues stand to the west side of the Town Hall: one is the statue (1404) of the city's protector, Roland, with his view against the Cathedral and bearing Durendart, the "sword of justice" and a shield decorated with an imperial eagle. The other near the entrance to the Ratskeller is Gerhard Marcks' bronze sculpture (1953) Die Stadtmusikanten (Town Musicians), which portrays the donkey, dog, cat and rooster of the Grimm Brothers' fairy tale.

Bremen Roland

Other interesting buildings in the vicinity of the Marktplatz are the , a sixteenth-century Flemish-inspired guild hall, Rathscafé, Raths-Apotheke, Haus der Stadtsparkasse and the Stadtwaage, the former weigh house (built in 1588), with an ornate Renaissance façade, and the nearby Essighaus, once a fine Renaissance town house. The façades and houses surrounding the market square were the first buildings in Bremen to be restored after World War II, by the citizens of Bremen themselves.

Schütting

St Peter's (13th century), to the east of the Marktplatz, with sculptures of Moses and David, Peter and Paul and Charlemagne. The Bismarck Monument is also outside the cathedral, which is the only monument in Germany to depict Otto von Bismarck in an equestrian format.

Cathedral

On Katherinenklosterhof to the northwest of the cathedral, a few remaining traces can be found of dating back to the thirteenth century.

St Catherine's Monastery

The (Our Lady's Church) is the oldest church of the town (11th century). Its crypt features several impressive murals from the fourteenth century.

Liebfrauenkirche

Off the south side of the Markplatz, the 110 m (120 yd) was transformed in 1923–1931 by the coffee magnate Ludwig Roselius, who commissioned local artists to convert the narrow street (in medieval times, the street of the barrel makers) into an inspired mixture of Gothic and Art Nouveau. It was considered "entartete Kunst" (degenerate art) by the Nazis. Today, the street is one of Bremen's most popular attractions, with the Glockenspiel House at No. 4 with its carillon of Meissen porcelain bells.[27]

Böttcherstraße

At the end of Böttcherstraße, by the Weser bank, stands the Martinikirche (St Martin's Church), a Gothic brick church built in 1229, and rebuilt in 1960 after its destruction in World War II.

[28]

Tucked away between the Cathedral and the river is the , a small, well-preserved area of crooked lanes, fishermen's and shipper's houses from the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, now occupied by cafés, artisan shops and art galleries. The Convent of Saint Birgitta (Birgittenkloster) founded in 2002 is a small community of just seven nuns offering guest accommodation.[29]

Schnoor

the medieval harbour of Bremen (the modern port is some kilometres downstream) is today a riverside boulevard with pubs and bars aligned on one side and the banks of Weser on the other.[30]

Schlachte

The district to the east of the old town combines rows of nineteenth-century Bremen houses (Bremer Häuser) with museums and the theatres of Theater Bremen along the city's cultural mile (Kulturmeile (Bremen)).[31]

Viertel

Knoops Park which is one of the larger green spaces in the city that many locals love to visit especially when the weather is warmer. There is also an option to rent small in the middle of the park.

rowboats

The Nasir Moschee is the first purpose built mosque of the Muslim Community in Bremen.[32]

Ahmadiyya

On August 8, 1992, in , Michael Jackson performed a show as part of his Dangerous World Tour. It was one of his three shows in Bremen and on his next and last tour he kicked off the HIStory World Tour in Bremen.

Weserstadion

Every year since 1036, in the last two weeks of October, Bremen has hosted the ("Free market"), one of the world's oldest and in Germany one of today's biggest continuously celebrated fairground festivals.

Freimarkt

Bremen is host to one of the four big annual parades, the Vision Parade.

Techno

Bremen is also host of the "Bremer 6 Tage Rennen" a bicycle race at the Bremen Arena.

Every year the city plays host to young musicians from across the world, playing in the International Youth Symphony Orchestra of Bremen (IYSOB).

On March 12, 1999, the rock band played a live show in Bremen. Before the show, they were told by the fire marshall not to use any fireworks. They did not use any fireworks until the very end, when they set off all of the fireworks at once. Because of this, they are now banned from playing in Bremen.

Kiss

Bremen was host to the 2006 RoboCup competition.

Bremen was host to the 32nd , 20–24 May 2009.

Deutscher Evangelischer Kirchentag

Bremen hosted the 50th (IMO) from 10–22 July 2009.[42]

International Mathematical Olympiad

The Rolling Stones named a Live Album "Bridges to Bremen", which was recorded 1998 in Bremen.

[43]

Education[edit]

With 18,000 students,[44] the University of Bremen is the largest university in Bremen, and is also home to the international Goethe-Institut and the Fallturm Bremen. Additionally, Bremen has a University of the Arts and the Bremen University of Applied Sciences. In 2001, the private Jacobs University Bremen was founded. All major German research foundations maintain institutes in Bremen, with a focus on marine sciences: The Max Planck Society with the Max Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology, and the Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Scientific Community with the Center for Tropical Marine Ecology (zmt).[45] The Bremerhaven-based Alfred-Wegener-Institute of the Helmholtz Association closely cooperates with the aforementioned institutes, especially within the MARUM[46] a center for marine environmental sciences, affiliated to the University of Bremen. Furthermore, The Fraunhofer Society is present in Bremen with centers for applied material research (IFAM[47]) and medical image computing (MEVIS[48]).

In December 1949, Bremen hosted the lecture cycle Einblick in das, was ist by the philosopher , in which Heidegger introduced his concept of a "fourfold" of earth and sky, gods and mortals. This was also Heidegger's first public-speaking engagement following his removal from his Freiburg professorship by the Denazification authorities.

Martin Heidegger

Bremen is connected with a fairy tale by the , the Town Musicians of Bremen, although they never actually reach Bremen in the tale.

Brothers Grimm

The 1922 film , eine Symphonie des Grauens was set mostly in Bremen.

Nosferatu

In July 2022, released a song titled Bremen.

Yorushika

List of mayors of Bremen

Tristam Carrington-Windo, Katrin M. Kohl (1998). A Dictionary of Contemporary Germany. Routledge (UK). p. . ISBN 1-57958-114-5.}

page 64

Claus Christian (2007): A photographic excursion through Bremen, Bremen-North, Bremerhaven, Fischerhude and Worpswede,  978-3-00-015451-5

ISBN

Dannenberg, Hans-Eckhard; Schulze, Heinz-Joachim (1995). Geschichte des Landes zwischen Elbe und Weser vol. 1 Vor- und Frühgeschichte. Stade: Landschaftsverband der ehem. Herzogtümer Bremen und Verden.  978-3-9801919-7-5.

ISBN

Dannenberg, Hans-Eckhard; Schulze, Heinz-Joachim (1995). Geschichte des Landes zwischen Elbe und Weser vol. 2 Mittelalter (einschl. Kunstgeschichte). Stade: Landschaftsverband der ehem. Herzogtümer Bremen und Verden.  978-3-9801919-8-2.

ISBN

Dannenberg, Hans-Eckhard; Schulze, Heinz-Joachim (2008). Geschichte des Landes zwischen Elbe und Weser vol. 3 Neuzeit. Stade: Landschaftsverband der ehem. Herzogtümer Bremen und Verden.  978-3-9801919-9-9.

ISBN

(1995), Geschichte der Freien Hansestadt Bremen. Vol. I – V. Bremen: Edition Temmen, ISBN 3-86108-283-7

Herbert Schwarzwälder

Official city website

Official visitors information (various languages)

Bremen City Panoramas – Panoramic Views and virtual Tours

Official site of the city center

Official site of the Schnoor quarter

Official site of the shopping quarter Das Viertel

Archived 2022-05-31 at the Wayback Machine

Official site of the Weser promenade Schlachte

Official site of the shopping avenue Sögestraße

Official site of the shopping mall Lloyd Passage

Official site of the shopping quarter Ansgari Quartier

Remnant from World War II in Bremen