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Electroacoustic music

Electroacoustic music is a genre of popular and Western art music in which composers use technology to manipulate the timbres of acoustic sounds, sometimes by using audio signal processing, such as reverb or harmonizing, on acoustical instruments.[1] It originated around the middle of the 20th century, following the incorporation of electric sound production into compositional practice. The initial developments in electroacoustic music composition to fixed media during the 20th century are associated with the activities of the Groupe de recherches musicales at the ORTF in Paris, the home of musique concrète, the Studio for Electronic Music in Cologne, where the focus was on the composition of elektronische Musik, and the Columbia-Princeton Electronic Music Center in New York City, where tape music, electronic music, and computer music were all explored. Practical electronic music instruments began to appear in the early 20th century.

Circuit bending[edit]

Circuit bending is the creative short-circuiting of low voltage, battery-powered electronic audio devices such as guitar effects, children's toys and small synthesizers to create new musical instruments and sound generators. Emphasizing spontaneity and randomness, the techniques of circuit bending have been commonly associated with noise music, though many more conventional contemporary musicians and musical groups have been known to experiment with "bent" instruments.[11]

Philomel (1964)

Milton Babbitt

Thema (Omaggio a Joyce) (1958–59)

Luciano Berio

Music of the Spheres (1938)

Johanna Beyer

Aspekt (1964–66), Apocalipsis cum figuris (1984)

Konrad Boehmer

Répons (1981–84)

Pierre Boulez

Imaginary Landscape No. 1 (1939)

John Cage

Synchronisms No. 6 for Piano and Electronic Sound (1970)

Mario Davidovsky

Leiyla and the Poet (1961)

Halim El-Dabh

Nummer 5 met zuivere tonen (1953)

Karel Goeyvaerts

Virgins (2013)

Tim Hecker

Deserted Palace (1972)

Jean-Michel Jarre

Unsilent Night (1992), for cassettes in boomboxes[12]

Phil Kline

Project 1 (1964), Project 2 (1966)

Gottfried Michael Koenig

I Am Sitting in a Room (1969)

Alvin Lucier

Triola, ou Symphonie pour moi-même (1977–78)

Ivo Malec

La fabbrica illuminata (1964), A floresta é jovem e cheia de vida (1966), Contrappunto dialettico alla mente (1968), Como una ola de fuerza y luz (1971–72)

Luigi Nono

Sonic Meditations, "Teach Yourself to Fly" (1961)

Pauline Oliveros

- "Still Point" (1948)

Daphne Oram

Symphonie Magnétophonique (1958)

Else Marie Pade

Scambi (1957), Trois Visages de Liège (1961), Paraboles-Mix (1972), Seize Paysages planétairesl (2000)

Henri Pousseur

Pendulum Music (1968), for microphones, amplifiers, speakers and performers

Steve Reich

Cinq études de bruits (1948)

Pierre Schaeffer

Gesang der Jünglinge (1955–56), Kontakte (1958–60), Mixtur (1964), Mikrophonie I & II (1964 and 1965), Telemusik (1966), Hymnen (1966–67), Oktophonie (1991), Cosmic Pulses (2006–2007)

Karlheinz Stockhausen

For Ann (rising) (1969)

James Tenney

Poème électronique (1958)

Edgard Varèse

Time's Encomium (1969)

Charles Wuorinen

Persepolis (1971)

Iannis Xenakis

Acousmatic music

Computer music

Digital signal processing

Experimental music

International Documentation of Electroacoustic Music

Japanoise

List of acousmatic-music composers

Live electronic music

Sonology

Sound recording and reproduction

Sound art

. Freely available online, four themed issues published each year by the Canadian Electroacoustic Community.

eContact!

"" published in eContact! 8.4 – Ressources éducatives / Educational Resources (Montréal: CEC), an annotated list of journals publishing articles related to electroacoustics.

Electroacoustic Bibliography