TSMC
Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company Limited (TSMC; also called Taiwan Semiconductor)[4][5] is a Taiwanese multinational semiconductor contract manufacturing and design company. It is the world's second most valuable semiconductor company,[6] the world's largest dedicated independent ("pure-play") semiconductor foundry,[7] and its country's largest company,[8][9] with headquarters and main operations located in the Hsinchu Science Park in Hsinchu, Taiwan. It is majority owned by foreign investors,[10] and the central government of Taiwan is the largest shareholder.[11] In 2023, the company was ranked 44th in the Forbes Global 2000.[12]
Not to be confused with Taiwan Semiconductor Company Limited.
Native name
台積電
Public company
Industrial Technology Research Institute, Hsinchu, Taiwan
(21 February 1987)
Worldwide
- Mark Liu (Chairman)
- Che Chia Wei (CEO and vice-chairman)[1]
15 million 12-inch equivalent wafers (2022)
- Manufacture of integrated circuits
- mask services
- integrated circuits packaging
- multi wafer foundry services
US$71.28 billion (2023)
US$36.49 billion (2022)
US$27.67 billion (2023)
US$161.6 billion (2022)
US$94.95 billion (2022)
73,090 (2022)
- WaferTech
- TSMC Nanjing Company Ltd.
- JASM
台灣積體電路製造股份有限公司
Táiwān Jītǐ Diànlù Zhìzào Gǔfèn Yǒuxiàn Gōngsī
Táiwān Jītǐ Diànlù Zhìzào Gǔfèn Yǒuxiàn Gōngsī
ㄊㄞˊ ㄨㄢ ㄐㄧ ㄊㄧˇ ㄉㄧㄢˋ ㄌㄨˋ ㄓˋ ㄗㄠˋ ㄍㄨˇ ㄈㄣˋ ㄧㄡˇ ㄒㄧㄢˋ ㄍㄨㄥ ㄙ
T'ai2-wan1 Chi1-t'i3 Tien4-lu4 Chih4-tsao4 Ku3-fen4 You3-hsien4 Kung1-ssŭ1
Tâi-oân chek-thé tiān-lō͘ chè-chō kó͘-hūn iú-hān kong-si
Tâi-uân tsik-thé tiān-lōo tsè-tsō kóo-hūn iú-hān kong-si
台積電
Tái Jī Diàn
Tái Jī Diàn
T'ai2 Chi1 Tien4
Tâi-chek-tiān
Tâi-tsik-tiān
Taiwan's exports of integrated circuits amounted to $184 billion in 2022, accounted for nearly 25 percent of Taiwan's GDP. TSMC accounts for about 30 percent of the Taiwan Stock Exchange's main index.[13][14]
TSMC was founded in Taiwan in 1987 by Morris Chang as the world's first dedicated semiconductor foundry. It has long been the leading company in its field.[15][16] When Chang retired in 2018, after 31 years of TSMC leadership, Mark Liu became chairman and C. C. Wei became Chief Executive.[17][18] It has been listed on the Taiwan Stock Exchange (TWSE: 2330) since 1993; in 1997 it became the first Taiwanese company to be listed on the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE: TSM). Since 1994, TSMC has had a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 17.4% in revenue and a CAGR of 16.1% in earnings.[19]
Most of the leading fabless semiconductor companies such as AMD, Apple, ARM, Broadcom, Marvell, MediaTek, Qualcomm and Nvidia, are customers of TSMC, as are emerging companies such as Allwinner Technology, HiSilicon, Spectra7, and UNISOC.[20] Leading programmable logic device companies Xilinx and previously Altera also make or made use of TSMC's foundry services.[21] Some integrated device manufacturers that have their own fabrication facilities, such as Intel, NXP, STMicroelectronics and Texas Instruments, outsource some of their production to TSMC.[22][23] At least one semiconductor company, LSI, re-sells TSMC wafers through its ASIC design services and design IP portfolio.
TSMC has a global capacity of about thirteen million 300 mm-equivalent wafers per year as of 2020 and makes chips for customers with process nodes from 2 microns to 3 nanometres. TSMC was the first foundry to market 7-nanometre and 5-nanometre (used by the 2020 Apple A14 and M1 SoCs, the MediaTek Dimensity 8100, and AMD Ryzen 7000 series processors) production capabilities, and the first to commercialize extreme ultraviolet (EUV) lithography technology in high volume.
On 300 mm wafers, TSMC has silicon lithography on node sizes:
It also offers "design for manufacturing" (DFM) customer services.[106]
In press publications, these processes will often be referenced, for example, for the mobile variant, simply by 7nmFinFET or even more briefly by 7FF.
At the beginning of 2019, TSMC was advertising N7+, N7, and N6 as its leading edge technologies,[104]
As of June 2020, TSMC is the manufacturer selected for production of Apple's 5 nanometer ARM processors, as "the company plans to eventually transition the entire Mac lineup to its Arm-based processors, including the priciest desktop computers".[107]
In July 2020, TSMC signed a 20-year deal with Ørsted to buy the entire production of two offshore wind farms under development off Taiwan's west coast. At the time of its signing, it was the world's largest corporate green energy order ever made.[108]
In July 2021, both Apple and Intel were reported to be testing their proprietary chip designs with TSMC's 3 nm production.[109]
Around 56% of TSMC shares are held by the general public and around 38% are held by institutions. The largest shareholders in early 2024 were:[133]
