Huda bin Abdul Haq
Huda bin Abdul Haq (Arabic: هدى بن عبد الحق, romanized: Hudā bin ʿAbd al-Ḥaqq, also known as Ali Ghufron, Muklas or Mukhlas;[1] February 1960 – 9 November 2008) was an Indonesian terrorist who was convicted and executed for his role in coordinating the Christmas Eve 2000 Indonesia bombings and 2002 Bali bombings.[2] Mukhlas was a senior and influential Jemaah Islamiyah leader with ties to Osama bin Laden.[4]
Huda bin Abdul Haq
9 November 2008 (aged 48)
- Ali Ghufron
- Muklas
- Mukhlas
Coordinating an act of terrorism
Bali, Indonesia
Two nightclubs with Western clientele, US Consular office
202
209
Suicide bombing, car bomb, and bomb vest using potassium chlorate
4 December 2002
Early life and background[edit]
Different reports place Muklas' birthdate at either 2 February or 9 February 1960, in Solokuro, Lamongan, East Java.[4] He attended the Al-Mukmin Islamic school founded by Abu Bakar Bashir with his brothers Amrozi bin Nurhasyim and Ali Imron. He recruited them to manufacture the explosives and purchase the vehicles used in the 2002 Bali bombing.[1]
After graduating from Al-Mukmin, Muklas continued his Jihad studies at various training camps in Afghanistan. He fought in the Soviet–Afghan War between 1980 and 1989, as a member of Osama bin Laden's "International Brigade." Muklas admitted that he met with Osama bin Laden in 1987, and that; "he and other top JI personnel were careful to nurture ties to bin Laden and al-Qaeda in the years that followed." Muklas secured the funds, through senior JI member Hambali, needed to perform the 2002 Bali bombing.[4]
Political and religious activism[edit]
Jemaah Islamiyah[edit]
After the eventual defeat of the Soviet Union and installation of the Taliban as Afghanistan's rulers, Muklas returned to Southeast Asia to conduct operations for Jemaah Islamiyah. He was named head of JI's "Mantiqi One", a regional network covering Sumatra, Singapore, Malaysia and southern Thailand.
Muklas then co-founded an Islamic school in Malaysia that was used to train JI operatives.
Lukmanul Hakiem[edit]
In 1991, Muklas, at the behest of Abdullah Sungkar and Abu Bakar Bashir founded Lukmanul Hakiem, a pesantren or Islamic boarding school based on his old school at Ngruki. It was created to link up with other madrassahs and serve to recruit future jihadists. Lukmanul Hakiem employed Noordin Mohammad Top, a Malaysian national, as school principal and he used this role to recruit Muhammad Rais and others for the 2003 Marriott Hotel bombing in Jakarta.
Abu Bakar Bashir, Abdullah Sungkar, Muklas, Noordin Top, all taught at the school. JI bomb maker Azahari Husin served on the board of directors. Noordin Top was promoted to director, when Malaysian law was adjusted, however Muklas continued to operate as leader by proxy.[5]