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South Asia

South Asia is the southern subregion of Asia, which is defined in both geographical and ethnic-cultural terms. As commonly conceptualized, the modern states of South Asia include Afghanistan,[6] Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, the Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan, and Sri Lanka.[7] South Asia borders East Asia to the northeast, Central Asia to the northwest, West Asia to the west and Southeast Asia to the east. Topographically, it is dominated by the Indian subcontinent and is bounded by the Indian Ocean in the south, and the Himalayas, Karakoram, and Pamir Mountains in the north.[8]

This article is about the geographical subregion of Asia. For the physiographical region of Eurasia, see Indian subcontinent.

Area

5,222,321 km2 (2,016,349 sq mi)

2.04 billion (2024)[1]

362.3/km2 (938/sq mi)

$18.05 trillion (2024)[2]

$5.04 trillion (2024)[3]

$2,650 (nominal) (2024)
$9,470 (PPP) (2024)[4]

Increase 0.641 (2019) (medium)[5]

.af, .bd, .bt, .in, .io, .lk, .mv, .np, .pk

034 – Southern Asia
142 – Asia
001 – World

The South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC) is an economic cooperation organization in the region which was established in 1985 and includes all eight nations comprising South Asia.[9] South Asia has a total area of 5.2 million sq.km (2 million sq.mi), which is 10% of the Asian continent.[7] The population of South Asia is estimated to be 2.04 billion[10] or about one-fourth of the world's population, making it both the most populous and the most densely populated geographical region in the world.[11]


In 2022, South Asia had the world's largest populations of Hindus, Muslims, Sikhs, Jains, and Zoroastrians.[12] South Asia alone accounts for 90.47% of Hindus, 95.5% of Sikhs, and 31% of Muslims worldwide, as well as 35 million Christians and 25 million Buddhists.[13][14][15][16]

The northern Indian edge and northern Pakistani uplands have a dry subtropical

continental climate

The far south of India and southwest Sri Lanka have an

equatorial climate

subtropical

The Himalayas and most of the have an Alpine climate

Hindu Kush

Genetics and archaeogenetics of South Asia

List of tallest buildings and structures in the Indian subcontinent

List of territorial disputes

by Rob Johnson

A Region in Turmoil: South Asian Conflicts since 1947

South Asia Olympic Council

South Asian cuisine

South Asian Football Federation

South Asian Games

Anthony, David W. (2007), The Horse, the Wheel, and Language: How Bronze-Age Riders from the Eurasian Steppes Shaped the Modern World, Princeton University Press

Beckwith, Christopher I. (2009), Empires of the Silk Road, Princeton University Press

The World Bank

South Asia

University of Chicago

Digital South Asia Library

Archived 6 October 2017 at the Wayback Machine, Freer and Sackler Galleries, Smithsonian

South Asian and Himalayan Arts

Brookings Institution

South Asia

Asia Development Bank

South Asia Subregional Economic Cooperation