Chinatown, Manhattan
Manhattan's Chinatown[a] is a neighborhood in Lower Manhattan, New York City, bordering the Lower East Side to its east, Little Italy to its north, Civic Center to its south, and Tribeca to its west. With an estimated population of 90,000 to 100,000 people, Chinatown is home to the highest concentration of Chinese people in the Western Hemisphere.[4][5] Manhattan's Chinatown is also one of the oldest Chinese ethnic enclaves.[6] The Manhattan Chinatown is one of nine Chinatown neighborhoods in New York City,[7] as well as one of twelve in the New York metropolitan area, which contains the largest ethnic Chinese population outside of Asia, comprising an estimated 893,697 uniracial individuals as of 2017.[8]
- Chinatown, Manhattan
- 曼哈頓華埠 / 曼哈頓唐人街
- Chinatown, Manhattan
- 曼哈頓華埠 / 曼哈頓唐人街
1.99 km2 (0.768 sq mi)
47,844
24,000/km2 (62,000/sq mi)
63.9%
16.3%
13.4%
4.8%
1.6%
$68,657
212, 332, 646, and 917
曼哈頓華埠
曼哈顿华埠
Mànhādùn Huábù
Mànhādùn Huábù
ㄇㄢˋ ㄏㄚ ㄉㄨㄣˋ ㄏㄨㄚˊ ㄅㄨˋ
Man4-ha1-tun4 hua2 pu4
Maahn hā deuhn Wā bouh
Maan6 haa1 deon6 waa1 bou6
Man-ha-tún huà-pú
曼哈頓唐人街
曼哈顿唐人街
Mànhādùn Tángrénjiē
Mànhādùn Tángrénjiē
ㄇㄢˋ ㄏㄚ ㄉㄨㄣˋ ㄊㄤˊ ㄖㄣˊ ㄐㄧㄝ
Man4-ha1-tun4 t'ang2 jen2 chieh1
Maahn hā deuhn Tòhng yàhn gāai
Maan6 haa1 deon6 tong4 jan4 gaai1
February 12, 2010
Chinatown is also a densely populated neighborhood, with over 141,000 residents living in its vicinity encompassing 1.7 square miles, "of which 28.1% identified as Asian" in 2023.[9][10] Historically, Chinatown was primarily populated by Cantonese speakers. However, in the 1980s and 1990s, large numbers of Fuzhounese-speaking immigrants also arrived and formed a sub-neighborhood annexed to the eastern portion of Chinatown east of The Bowery, which has become known as Little Fuzhou subdivided away from the primarily Cantonese populated original longtime established Chinatown of Manhattan from the proximity of The Bowery going west, known as Little Hong Kong/Guangdong. As many Fuzhounese and Cantonese speakers now speak Mandarin—the official language in Mainland China and Taiwan—in addition to their native languages, this has made it more important for Chinatown residents to learn and speak Mandarin.[11] Although now overtaken in size by the rapidly growing Flushing Chinatown (located in the New York City borough of Queens)[12] and Brooklyn Chinatown, the Manhattan Chinatown remains a dominant cultural force for the Chinese diaspora, as home to the Museum of Chinese in America and as the headquarters of numerous publications based both in the U.S. and China that are geared to overseas Chinese.
Chinatown is part of Manhattan Community District 3, and its primary ZIP Codes are 10013 and 10002.[1] It is patrolled by the 5th Precinct of the New York City Police Department.
Although a New York Business Improvement District has been identified for support,[13] Chinatown has no officially defined borders. The following streets are commonly considered the approximate borders:[14]
The historic core of Chinatown is bounded by Chatham Square/Bowery, Worth, Baxter, and Canal.[16]: 304 Mott (south of Canal), Mulberry, Bayard, Pell, Doyers, and Worth were settled by Chinese immigrants starting in the 1870s.[17]: 59, 64 The local branch of the Chinese Consolidated Benevolent Association was founded at 10 Chatham Square in 1883 and later moved to the building at 16 Mott Street, now considered the "City Hall of Chinatown".[17]: 67
Police and crime[edit]
Chinatown is patrolled by the 5th Precinct of the NYPD, located at 19 Elizabeth Street.[178] The 5th Precinct and the adjacent 7th Precinct ranked 58th safest out of 69 patrol areas for per-capita crime in 2010.[179] As of 2018, with a non-fatal assault rate of 42 per 100,000 people, Chinatown and the Lower East Side's rate of violent crimes per capita is less than that of the city as a whole. The incarceration rate of 449 per 100,000 people is higher than that of the city as a whole.[101]: 8
The 5th Precinct has a lower crime rate than in the 1990s, with crimes across all categories that have decreased by 77.1% between 1990 and 2019. The precinct reported 6 murders, 14 rapes, 91 robberies, 210 felony assaults, 101 burglaries, 585 grand larcenies, and 16 grand larcenies auto in 2019.[180]
Chinatown is served by two New York City Fire Department (FDNY) fire stations:[181]
Health[edit]
As of 2018, preterm births and births to teenage mothers are less common in Chinatown and the Lower East Side than in other places citywide. In Chinatown and the Lower East Side, there were 82 preterm births per 1,000 live births (compared to 87 per 1,000 citywide), and 10.1 teenage births per 1,000 live births (compared to 19.3 per 1,000 citywide).[101]: 11 Chinatown and the Lower East Side have a low population of residents who are uninsured. In 2018, this population of uninsured residents was estimated to be 11%, slightly less than the citywide rate of 12%.[101]: 14
The concentration of fine particulate matter, the deadliest type of air pollutant, in Chinatown and the Lower East Side is 0.0089 milligrams per cubic metre (8.9×10−9 oz/cu ft), more than the city average.[101]: 9 Twenty percent of Chinatown and Lower East Side residents are smokers, which is more than the city average of 14% of residents being smokers.[101]: 13 In Chinatown and the Lower East Side, 10% of residents are obese, 11% are diabetic, and 22% have high blood pressure—compared to the citywide averages of 24%, 11%, and 28% respectively.[101]: 16 In addition, 16% of children are obese, compared to the citywide average of 20%.[101]: 12
Eighty-eight percent of residents eat some fruits and vegetables every day, which is about the same as the city's average of 87%. In 2018, 70% of residents described their health as "good", "very good", or "excellent", less than the city's average of 78%.[101]: 13 For every supermarket in Chinatown and the Lower East Side, there are 18 bodegas.[101]: 10
The nearest major hospital is NewYork-Presbyterian Lower Manhattan Hospital in the Civic Center area.[184][185]
Chinatown is located within two primary ZIP Codes. The area east of Bowery is part of 10002, while the area west of Bowery is part of 10013.[186] The United States Postal Service operates two post offices in Chinatown: