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Hubei

Hubei[a] is an inland province of China, and is part of the Central China region. The name of the province means "north of the lake", referring to its position north of Dongting Lake.[7] The provincial capital, Wuhan, serves as a major transportation hub and the political, cultural, and economic hub of central China.

Not to be confused with the province of Hebei.

Hubei
湖北

湖北省 (Húběi Shěng)

HB / (pinyin: È)

China

—"lake"
běi—"north"
"north of the (Dongting) Lake"

13 prefectures, 102 counties, 1235 townships

Wang Menghui

185,900 km2 (71,800 sq mi)

3,105 m (10,187 ft)

58,300,000

310/km2 (810/sq mi)

Han: 95.6%
Tujia: 3.7%
Miao: 0.4%

CN¥ 5.274 trillion
US$ 784.1 billion

CN¥ 92,059
US$ 13,686

0.775[5] (high) (9th)

Hupeh

"North of the (Dongting) Lake"

Húběi

Húběi

ㄏㄨˊ   ㄅㄟˇ

Hwubeei

Hu2-pei3

خُ‌بُوِ

Wu poh

Fù-pet

Wùh-bāk

Wu4-bak1

Ô͘-pak

Ôo-pak

Hù-báe̤k

Hubei's name is officially abbreviated to "" (È), an ancient name associated with the eastern part of the province since the State of E of the Western Zhou dynasty of c. 1045–771 BCE; a popular name for Hubei is "" (Chǔ) (suggested by that of the powerful State of Chu, which existed in the area during the Eastern Zhou dynasty of 770 – 256 BCE). Hubei borders the provinces of Henan to the north, Anhui to the east, Jiangxi to the southeast, Hunan to the south, Chongqing to the west, and Shaanxi to the northwest. The high-profile Three Gorges Dam is located at Yichang, in the west of the province.


Hubei is the 7th-largest provincial economy of China, the second largest in the Central China region, the third largest in the South Central China region and the third largest among inland provinces. As of 2021, Hubei's nominal GDP was US$787 billion (CNY 5 trillion) and its GDP (nominal) per capita exceeded US$13,000, making it the richest landlocked province, the richest province in the Central China region, and 2nd richest province in South Central China region after Guangdong.[8]

Hubei Jingzhou Chengnan Economic Development Zone was established in 1992 under the approval of Hubei Government. Three major industries include textile, petroleum and chemical processing, with a combined output accounts for 90% of its total output. The zone also enjoys a well-developed transportation network—only 6 kilometres (3.7 mi) to the airport and 4 kilometres (2.5 mi) to the railway station.

[31]

East Lake High-Tech Development Zone is a national level high-tech development zone. Optical-electronics, telecommunications, and equipment manufacturing are the core industries of Wuhan East Lake High-Tech Development Zone (ELHTZ) while software outsourcing and electronics are also encouraged. ELHTZ is China's largest production centre for optical-electronic products with key players like Changfei Fiber-optical Cables (the largest fiber-optical cable maker in China), Fenghuo Telecommunications and Wuhan Research Institute of Post and Telecommunications (the largest research institute in optical telecommunications in China). Wuhan ELHTZ represents the development centre for China's laser industry with key players such as HUST Technologies and Chutian Laser being based in the zone.[32]

Wuhan

Economic and Technological Development Zone is a national level industrial zone incorporated in 1993.[33] Its size is about 10-25 square km and it plans to expand to 25-50 square km. Industries encouraged in Wuhan Economic and Technological Development Zone include automobile production/assembly, biotechnology/pharmaceuticals, chemicals production and processing, food/beverage processing, heavy industry, and telecommunications equipment.

Wuhan

Export Processing Zone was established in 2000. It is located in Wuhan Economic & Technology Development Zone, planned to cover land of 2.7 km2 (1.0 sq mi). The first 0.7 km2 (0.27 sq mi) area has been launched.[34]

Wuhan

Optical Valley (Guanggu) Software Park is in Wuhan East Lake High-Tech Development Zone. Wuhan Optics Valley Software Park is jointly developed by East Lake High-Tech Development Zone and Dalian Software Park Co., Ltd.[35] The planned area is 0.67 km2 (0.26 sq mi) with total floor area of 600,000 square meters. The zone is 8.5 km (5.28 mi) from the 316 National Highway and is 46.7 km (29.02 mi) from the Wuhan Tianhe Airport.

Wuhan

New & Hi-Tech Industrial Development Zone

Xiangyang

Huazhong University of Science and Technology

Wuhan University

(Huazhong Normal University)

Central China Normal University

Wuhan University of Technology

Huazhong Agricultural University

Hubei University of Technology

Zhongnan University of Economics and Law

China University of Geosciences

Jianghan University

Hubei University

Hubei University of Economics

Hubei University of Education

(yichang)

China Three Gorges University

Wuhan Institute of Technology

Wuhan University of Science and Technology

Yangtze University

South-Central University for Nationalities

Hubei Institute of Fine Arts

Wuhan Technology and Business University

Wuhan Technical College of Communications

The old City

Jingzhou

The province's best-known natural attraction (shared with the adjacent Chongqing municipality) is the scenic area of the Three Gorges of the Yangtze. Located in the far west of the province, the gorges can be conveniently visited by one of the numerous tourist boats (or regular passenger boats) that travel up the Yangtze from Yichang through the Three Gorges and into the neighboring Chongqing municipality.


The mountains of western Hubei, in particular in Shennongjia District, offer a welcome respite from Wuhan's and Yichang's summer heat, as well as skiing opportunities in winter. The tourist facilities in that area concentrate around Muyu in the southern part of Shennongjia, the gateway to Shennongjia National Nature Reserve (神农架国家自然保护区). Closer to the provincial capital, Wuhan, is the Mount Jiugong (Jiugongshan) national park, in Tongshan County near the border with Jiangxi.


A particular important site of both natural and cultural significance is Mount Wudang (Wudangshan) in the northwest of the province. Originally created early in the Ming dynasty, its building complex has been listed by UNESCO since 1994 as a World Heritage Site.


Other historic attractions in Hubei include:


The province also has historical sites connected with China's more recent history, such as the Wuchang Uprising Memorial in Wuhan, Project 131 site (a Cultural-Revolution-era underground military command center) in Xianning, and the National Mining Park (国家矿山公园) in Huangshi.[55]

plays in Chinese Super League, the highest level football league in China.

Wuhan Three Towns F.C.

Professional sports teams in Hubei include:

Sister State/Twinning[edit]

Following a July 1979 State of Ohio Trade Mission to China, Hubei and Ohio formed a sister province-state relationship.[56]: 111–113  The pairing was based on the fact that both Hubei and Ohio are located in national heartlands, are large industrial areas and transportation hubs, and have significant agricultural sectors.[56]: 113 


In 2005, Hubei province signed a twinning agreement with Telemark county of Norway, and a "Norway-Hubei Week" was held in 2007.

1954 Yangtze River floods

List of prisons in Hubei

Major national historical and cultural sites in Hubei

COVID-19 pandemic

Hubei Government official website

Google Maps Hubei