Javanese people
The Javanese (/dʒɑːvəˈniːz/, jah-və-NEEZ,[17] /dʒæv-/ jav-, /-ˈniːs/ -NEESS;[18] Indonesian: Orang Jawa; Javanese: ꦮꦺꦴꦁꦗꦮ, Wong Jawa (in Ngoko register); ꦠꦶꦪꦁꦗꦮꦶ, Tiyang Jawi (in Krama register))[19] are an Austronesian ethnic group native to the central and eastern part of the Indonesian island of Java. With more than 100 million people,[20] Javanese people are the largest ethnic group in both Indonesia and in Southeast Asia as a whole. Their native language is Javanese, it is the largest of the Austronesian languages in number of native speakers and also the largest regional language in Southeast Asia.[21] The Javanese as the largest ethnic group in the region have dominated the historical, social, and political landscape in the past as well as in modern Indonesia and Southeast Asia.[22]
For other uses, see Javanese (disambiguation).
- ꦮꦺꦴꦁꦗꦮ, Wong Jawa (in Ngoko register)
- ꦠꦶꦪꦁꦗꦮꦶ, Tiyang Jawi (in Krama register)[1]
- ꦮꦺꦴꦁꦗꦮ, Wong Jawa (in Ngoko register)
- ꦠꦶꦪꦁꦗꦮꦶ, Tiyang Jawi (in Krama register)[1]
98,217,022 (2010)[2]
c. 400,000 (including Singaporean citizens, more than 60% of Singaporean Malays are of Javanese descent)[9]
102,000 (2019) (Javanese Surinamese)[10]
8,500[13]
4,100[14]
3,000[15]
There are significant numbers of Javanese diaspora outside of central and eastern Java regions, including the other provinces of Indonesia, as well as other countries such as Suriname, Singapore, Malaysia, Egypt, Saudi Arabia, South Africa, Sri Lanka, Yemen and the Netherlands.[23][24][25][26] The Javanese ethnic group has many sub-groups (based on native Javanese community on the island of Java) that can be distinguished based on their characteristics, customs, traditions, dialects, or even ways of life. These include Banyumasan, Cirebonese, Mataram, Osing, and Tenggerese.[27] The majority of the Javanese people identify themselves as Sunni Muslims, with a small minority identifying as Christians and Hindus. With a large global population, the Javanese are considered significant as they are the largest Muslim ethnic group in the Far East and the fourth largest in the world after the Arabs,[28] Bengalis,[29] and Punjabis.[30]
Javanese civilisation has been influenced by more than a millennium of interactions between the native animism Kejawen and the Indian Hindu—Buddhist culture, and this influence is still visible in Javanese history, culture, traditions, and art forms. The ancient Javanese kingdoms of Singhasari and Majapahit were among the most powerful maritime empires in the region, whose boundaries included most of Maritime Southeast Asia and parts of Indochina. Javanese heritage has created magnificent religious monuments such as Borobudur and Prambanan which are among the world's largest temples. Javanese culture has a strong influence in most of the Southeast Asian countries. In Brunei, Malaysia, and Singapore, the influence of Javanese culture can be seen in many aspects of modern Malay culture.[31] Javanese culture has greatly influenced their traditional cuisine with many dishes such as satay, sambal, ketupat, nasi kuning (pulut kuning), and rojak. Kris weaponry, batik and ronggeng dance art, gamelan musical instruments, and wayang kulit puppetry[32] were introduced to them through Javanese contact. Javanese culture has also spread widely beyond Southeast Asia such as Sri Lanka, South Africa, and Suriname, where many of the Javanese diaspora live there.[33][34]
Varieties of Javanese keris
Keris of Java
Various keris and pole weapons of Java
