Words which in British English (except in ) end with ise, such as realise, recognise and organise are spelt with ize following American English: realize, recognize and organize (exercise, however, is universal in all varieties).

Oxford spelling

Words which in British English are spelled with -ae-/-oe- such as oestrogen and mediaeval are spelled with e alone as in American English as estrogen and medieval. Exceptions are aesthetic, amoeba and archaeology which follow common usage in American English, but can be spelled with just an e.

French-derived words which in British English end with our, such as colour, honour and labour, are spelled with or following American English: color, honor and labor. British -our spellings are sometimes used as an affectation.

French-derived words which in British English end with re, such as fibre, centre and metre are usually spelled with er as in American English as fiber, center and meter. The word theater (American spelling) is also often spelled theatre (British spelling), with no preference in spelling.

Words which in British English end with yse, such as analyse, paralyse and catalyse are spelled with yze following American English as analyze, paralyze and catalyze.

There is no preference for words spelled with -log in American English or -logue in British English in Philippine English. Some words are usually spelled with -log, like catalog and analog, while others are typically spelled with -logue, like monologue or dialogue.

A double-consonant l (primarily used in British and Commonwealth English) is usually retained in Philippine English when adding suffixes to words ending in l where the consonant is unstressed, contrary to common American practice. Therefore, Philippine English favors cancelled and travelling over the American canceled and traveling.

[a]

Where British English uses a single-consonant l in the words skilful, wilful, enrol, distil, enthral, fulfil and instalment, Philippine English typically uses a double consonant following American English: skillful, willful, enroll, distill, enthrall, fulfill and installment.

The Commonwealth English defence and offence are spelled defense and offense following American English.

Philippine English uses practice and license for both nouns and verbs, following American English, rather than licence for the second noun and practise for the first verb as in Commonwealth English.

Philippine English prefers spellings with silent e in some words such as acknowledgement, judgement and loveable, as opposed to acknowledgment, judgment and lovable.

[b]

In all other cases, Philippine English prefers the American English spelling where it differs from current British spelling, as in program (in all contexts) for British English programme, and guerrilla for British English guerilla. However, programme is often used in the sense of a leaflet listing information about a play, game or other activity for distinguishment.

and Eid al-Fitr are mostly spelled without the hyphen and the first A is replaced with an apostrophe as Eid'l Adha and Eid'l Fitr respectively.^[33][34]

Eid al-Adha

The abbreviations natl and govt are often written with an apostrophe before the last letter (as nat'l and gov't) in Philippine English.

The elements aluminium and caesium are spelled as aluminum and cesium following American English.

The rhotic consonant /r/ may vary between a trill [r], a flap [ɾ] and an approximant [ɹ]. The English approximant [ɹ] is pronounced by many speakers in the final letters of the word or before consonants, while the standard dialect prefers to pronounce the approximant in all positions of /r/.

The fricatives /f/ and /v/ are approximated into the stop consonants [p] and [b], respectively.

: The dental fricatives /θ/ and /ð/ become the stop consonants /t/ and /d/, respectively. This can be also observed from speakers of Hiberno-English dialects and a number of American English speakers.

Th-stopping

: Like most Commonwealth English variants outside Canada and sometimes in Irish English, the /dj/, /tj/ and /sj/ clusters become [dʒ], [tʃ] and [ʃ] respectively. This makes the words dew, tune and pharmaceutical are pronounced as /ˈdʒuː/, /ˈtʃuːn/ and [pärmɐˈʃuːtikäl], respectively. Yod-coalescence also occurs in some other words where other English variants either resist it or do not call for it, e.g. calcium and Celsius are respectively [ˈkälʃʊm] and [ˈsɛlʃʊs]. For these reasons, the use of yod-coalescence is another case of approximation for aspirated consonants which Philippine languages lack in general in words such as twelve.

Yod-coalescence

Yod-retention is usually practiced selectively, similar to the historical in the U.S., Irish or British and Commonwealth English, and to a lesser extent, some speakers of English in Canada, in certain words such as new(s) but not student. For that reason, the maneuver is mainly pronounced also with a yod, somewhat in a hyperforeign manner, whereas all other accents drop it intrinsically. However, yod-dropping is often common due to influence of modern General American. The yod as retained in many words is sometimes coalesced; see "Yod-coalescence" above.

mid-Atlantic accent

The fricative /ʒ/ may be into [ʃ] in words such as measure or affricated into [dʒ] in words such as beige.

devoiced

The /z/ phoneme is devoiced into an [s]. This also includes intervocalic /s/ and the ⟨ss⟩ in examples such as dissolve, possess and their derivatives, brassiere, dessert, dissolution, (an), possession and scissors, which are usually pronounced as a [z] in most other accents of English. However, Aussie is usually pronounced with [s] as in the United States.

Missouri

Older speakers tend to add an i or e sound before the syllable-initial clusters sl-, sm-, sn-, sp- and st- due to Spanish influence, so the words star and lipstick sounds like (i/e)star and lip(i/e)stick respectively.

Like most non-native speakers of English elsewhere, the "" ([ɫ]) is merged into the usual "light" /l/ equivalent.

dark l

The compound ⟨ll⟩ is pronounced as a [ʎ] in between vowels (e.g. gorilla), especially to those who were exposed to Spanish orthography. This is negligible among younger well-educated speakers.

palatal lateral approximant

The letter "z" is usually pronounced (and sometimes spelled) as a "zey" like in Jamaican English. However, in standard Philippine English, it is pronounced as the American "zee".

/zeɪ/

International English

English as a second or foreign language

Formal written English

List of dialects of the English language

List of English words of Philippine origin

Regional accents of English speakers

Spanglish

Special English

Philippine literature in English

List of loanwords in Tagalog

English-Tagalog code-switching based on English

Coño English

Tagalog-English codeswitching based on Tagalog

Taglish

Hokkien-Tagalog-English contact language in the Philippines

Hokaglish

Acar, A. ", The Asian EFL Journal, Volume 8. Issue 3, Article 9, (2006).

Models, Norms and Goals for English as an International Language Pedagogy and Task Based Language Teaching and Learning."

Manarpaac, Danilo. . In: Christian Mair. The politics of English as a world language: new horizons in postcolonial cultural studies. Rodopi; 2003 [cited February 18, 2011]. ISBN 978-90-420-0876-2. p. 479–492.

"When I was a child I spoke as a child": Reflecting on the Limits of a Nationalist Language Policy

Lerner, Ted. Hey, Joe, a slice of the city - an American in Manila. Book of Dreams: Verlag, Germany. 1999.

Bresnahan, Mary I (1979). . Journal of Communication. 29 (2): 64–?. doi:10.1111/j.1460-2466.1979.tb02948.x – via Academia.edu.

"English in the Philippines"

by Andrew Gonzalez, FSC, with sections on Philippine English

The Language Planning Situation in the Philippines

by Tom McArthur.

Philippine English

English proficiency in Cebu

American or Philippine English? (video)

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