such as Cinderella and Aladdin.

Fairy tales

The novel Oliver Twist, whose protagonist rises from a workhouse to child labour to a gang of pickpockets to being adopted by a wealthy family.

Dickens

The story of Sir Gareth, who rises from a lowly kitchen boy to a prominent Knight of the Round Table.

Arthurian

The folklore tale of , who, with the help of his cat, rises from orphaned poverty to become thrice Lord Mayor of London.

Dick Whittington and His Cat

was a gardener who was appointed king of Sidon by Alexander the Great due to his possible royal ancestry.

Abdalonymus

a slave who rose to become the Mamluk Sultan of Egypt through his military prowess.

Baibars

born a simple peasant in the theme of Macedonia, he rose in the imperial court and despite his humble origins, he showed great ability in running the affairs of state. On Michael III's death, Basil, as an already acclaimed co-emperor, automatically became the ruling emperor.

Emperor Basil I

born into a peasant family, married Peter the Great, and became Empress of Russia following his death.

Catherine I of Russia

of India, who from a humble beginning founded the Maurya Empire.

Chandragupta Maurya

born to a freed slave of low social standing in Dalmatia, rose through the ranks of the Roman military to become a cavalry commander. After the death of emperor Carus, Diocletian defeated the former emperor's son Carinus in battle and proclaimed himself Roman emperor. His reign was marked by the consolidation of power around himself and its impact on the history of the late Roman Empire. He eventually gave up his post in later life to become a farmer.

Emperor Diocletian

and Hongwu Emperor who were both born into peasant families, but eventually founded two of the nation's most illustrious imperial dynasties.

Emperor Gaozu of Han

a palace servant who rose to become the regent queen of Neustria, in the western part of the Kingdom of the Franks.

Fredegund

born into a poor Irish farming family, became a mercenary in India eventually rising to become a wealthy Raja.

George Thomas (soldier)

was born the son of a Mongol chieftain, but following his father's death, he and his family were abandoned by their clan and left in poverty on the Mongolian steppe. He survived and went on to create the largest land empire in history.

Genghis Khan

was born a commoner Hildebrand, perhaps the son of a blacksmith. His bad reputation was partially due to horror at his high social mobility.

Pope Gregory VII

lived life as a peasant at one point in his life despite being a distant royal. He eventually restored the Han dynasty.

Emperor Guangwu of Han

also known as Roxelana, was the chief consort and legal wife of the Ottoman Sultan Suleiman the Magnificent. She became one of the most powerful and influential women in Ottoman history and a prominent and controversial figure during the era known as the Sultanate of Women.

Hurrem Sultan

was a peasant farmer who briefly ruled over Bulgaria after organizing an uprising against the incompetent rule of Constantine Tikh.

Ivaylo of Bulgaria

Emperors , Justinian the Great and Theodora came from peasant families. Justin and Justinian later became Emperors of the Eastern Roman Empire. Theodora was a courtesan and actress. Later became Empress and second in the Empire.

Justin I

daughter of a soldier and jailkeeper named Måns, became Queen of Sweden by her marriage with King Eric XIV of Sweden.

Karin Månsdotter

was of commoner origin and attained a high position in spite of violent opposition from the nobility, who considered the papacy as their preserve.

Pope Leo III

a French courtier of Italian origin and an influential favourite of the French regent Marie de' Medici, mother of King Louis XIII of France.

Leonora Dori

born into poverty in a log cabin and raised on the American frontier, he was mostly self-educated and rose to become a lawyer, then congressman, and finally President of the United States, where he led the Union through the American Civil War, defended the ideals of democracy and liberty, abolished slavery, strengthened the federal government, and modernized the U.S. economy.

Abraham Lincoln

second wife of King Louis XIV of France and founder of the Maison royale de Saint-Louis, a school for girls from poorer noble families.

Madame de Maintenon

son of a Turkic slave, who founded the Ghaznavid Empire.

Mahmud of Ghazni

hailed from a family of peasants who were granted land via military service to the Roman Empire. He eventually became emperor after assassinating his former colleague Emperor Leo V.

Emperor Michael II

founder of the Afsharid dynasty, was the orphaned son of a goatherder who established the most powerful empire in modern Persian history.

Nader Shah

was a peasant farmer who became king of the Ryukyu Kingdom and founder of the Second Shō dynasty.

Shō En

Pope from 9 August 1471 to his death in 1484, founder of the Della Rovere family.

Pope Sixtus IV

a famous example in late medieval times, helped unify pre-modern Japan.

Toyotomi Hideyoshi

of Ming Dynasty China, a gambler who castrated himself and entered the Imperial Palace where he ended enormous power under the reign of the Tianqi Emperor. He eventually committed suicide upon banishment by the Chongzhen Emperor.

Wei Zhongxian

or Wei Zifu, was born in a peasant family and ended up as the second wife and empress of Emperor Wu of Han

Empress Xiaowu Si of Han

brought up a commoner despite royal blood, later rose to become a capable ruler.

Emperor Xuan of Han

- left school at 12 and formed the first mail order company in 1861, with the BBC calling it an extraordinary rags to riches story.^[1]

Pryce Pryce-Jones

- Was born and raised as bricklayer's son but went on to become a 7 times F1 world champion and holds the record for the most F1 world titles won by any F1 driver.

Michael Schumacher

- Was born and raised in Hawaii by her mother Ruth and her father Fred, a house painter.

Bette Midler

- (author and motivational speaker).

Jim Rohn

- Was born in Manhattan. Lived mostly with her grandmother. Joined the Bloods at 16 and became a stripper at 19. Went on to become one of the most successful female rappers in the world and has the most number-one singles on the Billboard Hot 100 among female rappers (5 number-ones).

Cardi B

- Born in Athens, Greece to parents from Nigeria. As a child growing up in the Sepolia neighborhood of Athens, his father had a tough time finding work, so he helped his family by hawking watches, handbags, and sunglasses in the streets. He started playing basketball in 2007 and joined EFAO Zografou B.C. in the Greek B Basket League. After racking up several impressive individual accolades, he was selected 15th overall by the Milwaukee Bucks in the 2013 NBA draft. In his first season in the NBA, he was named to the NBA All-Rookie Team. Since then, he has earned several honors, including being named to the NBA All-Star game five times, and winning the league MVP award twice. In 2021, he led the Bucks to their first NBA Championship in 50 years, scoring 50 points in the clinching game. He also was named NBA Finals MVP.

Giannis Antetokounmpo

- Was born in California to a truck driver with gambling problems and a mother who was an occasional model. Her parents divorced when she was 10 months old. She went on to become the "goddess of pop."

Cher

- born in Mexico City, in the district of Tlatilco, but grew up in Tepito, one of the most poor sectors of the Mexican capital. He grew up in poverty, raised by his single mother who eventually re-married. Blanco came to be one of the greatest Mexican footballers of all time,^[2][3][4][5] as well as one of the best penalty takers of all time.^[6] After football, Blanco became a politician and he is the current Governor of Morelos under the coalition Juntos Haremos Historia.

Cuauhtémoc Blanco

- Born shortly before and during World War II, the Van Toor brothers came from a poor labourers family in the Netherlands. Their home was damaged during the German bombing of Rotterdam and the brothers' father died in Prague from harsh conditions during forced labour.^[7] After the war, the brothers and their mother lived in extreme poverty. After working an odd number of jobs, the brothers created their own acrobat act, with which they toured all over the world. Between 1976 and 1994, the brothers wrote, directed and shot a successful children's television series based on their alter egos Bassie & Adriaan and owned their own circus, which turned them into multi-millionaires.^[8] They are praised for their self-made success and rigid management techniques.^[9]

Bas & Aad van Toor

- Prior to her audition on Britain's Got Talent, Boyle was a single, never married woman living alone with her pet cat, Pebbles. She cared for her elderly mother, Bridget, until her death in 2007 at the age of 91. Boyle was a member of her local church choir and performed regularly at church events and local talent shows. When she appeared on the BGT stage, Boyle was met with skepticism and cynicism, with many in the audience jeering or rolling their eyes. When she began to sing, Boyle shocked everyone with her powerhouse voice. Judge Piers Morgan said it was "the biggest surprise I have had in three years in this show". Amanda Holden summed up her critique by calling it the "biggest wake-up call ever". Show creator/producer Simon Cowell called Boyle "a little tiger". Despite an overwhelming positive response from the public, dance troupe Diversity were named the winners of series 3, making Boyle runner-up. Boyle went on to worldwide acclaim and success.

Susan Boyle

– Was living on Ireland's social welfare before his UFC debut. Since then, McGregor became one of the most prominent MMA fighters and the highest-paid athletes.

Conor McGregor

- His mother was a heroin addict and his father was a boxer who was eventually incarcerated. His family was poor and sometimes did not even have electricity. For much of his childhood, he was raised by his grandmother. Eventually, he became one of the highest-rated boxers of all time and is known for his extravagant spending habits.

Floyd Mayweather Jr.

- Born in Lafayette, Indiana to a poor and very religious family, as a child he sang in a trio with his brother and sister. Being very shy at school, following the discovery of his true family origins, Rose became the local juvenile delinquent in Lafayette; he was arrested more than 20 times on charges such as public intoxication and battery, and served jail terms up to three months. After Lafayette authorities threatened to charge him as a habitual criminal, Rose moved to Los Angeles, California, in December 1982 following his school friend Izzy Stradlin; they used to live together in very cheap and dirty rooms around LA before signing with Geffen Records in 1986.

Axl Rose

Roman Abramovich

Alexis Sánchez

came from a damaged, impoverished, single-mother family and was partly raised in a laundry. She also had to undertake a work scholarship to receive an education as a child.

Joan Crawford

Sheldon Adelson

^[10]

Dhirubhai Ambani

AJ Styles

was born from a poor coal-mining family of Lithuanian descent; he began working at the coal mines from the age of 10 after his father's death; his family was so poor that, at one time, he had to wear his sister's dress to school for lack of clothing. Grew up to become one of the greatest film actors during the Golden Age of Hollywood.

Charles Bronson

– Raised by her Panamanian-immigrant single mother in the Baruch Houses, a New York City public housing project. She became the CEO (July 2009 – December 2016) and Chairwoman (May 2010 – present) of Xerox, a Fortune 500 company.^[11]

Ursula Burns

(Industrialist)^[11]

Andrew Carnegie

^[11]

Jim Carrey

Ben Carson

– Before he became the lead singer of Jamiroquai, Kay had lived on the streets as a teenager and was even stabbed. Jamiroquai went on to be one of the most successful bands of all time, selling 26 million albums during Kay's career.

Jason Kay

– Worked as a milkman before joining the Royal Navy but was later discharged due to a duodenal ulcer. Afterward, he worked as, among other things, a lorry driver, a lifeguard, a laborer, an artist's model for the Edinburgh College of Art, and a coffin polisher. He began his acting career while working backstage at the King's Theatre where he had secured several minor roles, but was still struggling to make ends meet. He was then forced to accept a part-time job as a babysitter. Connery's breakthrough came in the role of British secret agent James Bond, which began his successful acting career. In July 2000, he was knighted by Queen Elizabeth II.

Sean Connery

Coco Chanel

Charlie Chaplin

– Born and raised in a farming community on Lamma Island, Hong Kong. His family's house had no electricity. During mornings, he helped his mother sell herbal jelly and Hakka tea pudding on the streets; during afternoons he worked in the fields. At age seventeen, he left school to help support the family by doing odd jobs including hotel porter, postman, camera salesman, and taxi driver. Eventually, he became one of the most well-known and highest-earning actors in Hong Kong.

Chow Yun-fat

– Grew up in a working-class neighborhood in Detroit. He dropped out of high school at age 17 and worked at several jobs to help his mother pay the bills, but she often threw him out of the house. He eventually had a successful rap career, becoming one of the world's best-selling music artists.

Eminem

– Lived in foster care with his sisters after their mother was imprisoned. Worked as a research lab assistant after serving in the U.S. Navy. He also became a medical equipment salesman. He gained a position in Dean Witter Reynolds' stock brokerage training program but did not have a salary. For a time, Gardner and his son were homeless. They ate in soup kitchens and slept in his office after hours, at flophouses, motels, parks, airports, on public transport, and at the Glide Memorial United Methodist Church's shelter for homeless women. He eventually established Gardner Rich & Co. Gardner's memoir, The Pursuit of Happyness, was published in May 2006. The 2006 film The Pursuit of Happyness, starring Will Smith, is based on his memoirs.

Chris Gardner

– He was 13 years old when his father died. He supported his family by peddling items along the streets of Cebu on his bicycle. From the age of 17 to 19, he traded using a wooden boat, shipping items to Lucena by sea, and then to Manila by truck. He was one of the richest Filipinos. His business assets included: Universal Robina, Cebu Pacific, JG Summit Holdings, and Robinsons Malls.

John Gokongwei

Jimi Hendrix

– Grew up in Rosengård, a poor suburb of Malmö.^[12] He eventually became one of the highest-paid football players in the world. He is the all-time leading goalscorer for Sweden.

Zlatan Ibrahimović

Mahalia Jackson

– Grew up in a working-class family in Gary, Indiana in a two-bedroom house with nine siblings and his parents. His mother was a stay-at-home mom who had dreams of being an aspiring country singer who played the piano and the clarinet, while his father, a crane operator for Inland Steel Company had hopes of making it big through boxing or singing with his band The Falcons. He started playing with The Jackson 5 in 1964 when he was five years old and then became one of the planet's biggest stars.

Michael Jackson

– Born to a 16-year-old single mother, his childhood was spent moving from apartment to apartment in the sordid neighborhoods of Akron, Ohio while his mother struggled to find a steady job. He grew up to have a successful career in the NBA, with four championships (2012, 2013, 2016, 2020). He is the Cleveland Cavaliers' all-time leading scorer. He also won two Olympic gold medals for the United States National Basketball Team. He is currently one of the world's highest-paid athletes.

LeBron James

– Grew up in a house that lacked indoor plumbing and had only a simple outhouse. Early in her music career, she lived in her car while traveling around the United States doing street performances and small gigs.

Jewel

(businessman)^[11]

Li Ka-Shing

(technology entrepreneur)

Jan Koum

(fashion designer)^[11]

Ralph Lauren

– His father was a dress cutter who worked only sporadically after the Great Depression. By the time Lee was in his teens, the family was living in a third-floor one-bedroom apartment where he shared the bedroom with his brother while his parents slept on a foldout couch. In his youth, he worked part-time jobs such as writing obituaries and press releases, delivering sandwiches, running office errands, ushering at a theater, and selling newspaper subscriptions. He went on to create Spider-Man, the Hulk, Doctor Strange, the Fantastic Four, Iron Man, Daredevil, Thor, the X-Men, and many other fictional characters.

Stan Lee

David Letterman

(lawyer)^[13]

Martin W. Littleton

- At age 14, he was working 12 to 18 hours a day in a cannery. He was also an oyster pirate, seal hunter, jute mill worker, and coal heaver before becoming a vagrant. At the age of 21, due to financial circumstances, he dropped out from UC Berkeley and joined the Klondike Gold Rush. He eventually had a successful writing career; his most famous works are The Call of the Wild and White Fang.

Jack London

- Grew up in a shantytown on the outskirts of Buenos Aires. He went on to lead Argentina to victory in the 1986 FIFA World Cup where he also won the Golden Ball as the tournament's best player. He is also the first player in football history to set the world record transfer fee twice, first when he transferred to FC Barcelona for a then world record £5 million, and second, when he transferred to S.S.C. Napoli for another record fee £6.9 million. He was named the FIFA Co-Player of the 20th Century, an honor he shares with Pelé.

Diego Maradona

– Early in his writing career, he "wasn't making enough money to stay alive". He went on to write the international bestselling series of epic fantasy novels, A Song of Ice and Fire, which was later adapted into the HBO television series Game of Thrones.

George R. R. Martin

– Born and raised in the slums of Tondo, Manila, Philippines to a stevedore father and laundrywoman mother. Moreno spent most of his childhood finding alternative sources of income for his family by working as a scrap and garbage collector, and driving a passenger pedicab. He also used to rummage through restaurant garbage bins for leftover food (colloquially called pagpag in the Philippines), which his mother would recook for dinner. Moreno rose to prominence when he was discovered by a talent scout while attending a funeral and was then persuaded to join show business. He achieved average success as an actor for five years before entering politics. He was subsequently elected as councilor, vice mayor, and mayor in the City of Manila, the Philippines' capital country, which elevated him to further prominence. Moreno has since received several awards in his political career.

Isko Moreno

(motivational speaker)

Liz Murray

Benito Mussolini

- Coming from a poor family and having difficulties at school, he lost his parents at an early age and had to live in beggars' shelters years before starting his political career and becoming Führer of the Third Reich.

Adolf Hitler

- Born in Apartheid-era South Africa to a Black Xhosa mother and a White father from Switzerland. He had a poor upbringing in Soweto, just outside of Johannesburg. His challenges included not having indoor plumbing in his childhood home, separation from his biological father due to Apartheid, and having an abusive, alcoholic stepfather. At the age of 18, he landed a starring role on the South African soap opera Isidingo. He later became an accomplished stand-up comedian, releasing numerous specials. In the fall of 2015, he took over for Jon Stewart and became the host of The Daily Show, a position he held until 2022.

Trevor Noah

– Dropped out of high school and left home at age 14 due to extreme poverty. For a time, he lived on the streets of Manila. He eventually became the first and only eight-division world champion in professional boxing and one of the highest-paid athletes in the world.

Manny Pacquiao

(actress)^[11]

Sarah Jessica Parker

– His mother suffered from heart disease and died when he was 13 years old, leaving their family in debt. Pineda then quit school and started working. He spent about two years on the streets, collecting glass bottles, newspapers, and scrap metal and selling them to Recyclers. He also took odd jobs like cleaning scrap metal and docking ships. He didn't have much to eat, sometimes rationing a small package of Marie biscuit as food for two days. When Pineda was 15 years old, he became the lead singer of the Filipino group Ijos which began his music career. In 2007, he was recruited to become the new lead singer of the American rock band Journey.

Arnel Pineda

– Dropped out of community college halfway through the first semester and, after working as a discount ticket salesman and daytime stripper, he ended up homeless in Maui, Hawaii, sleeping in a van and a tent on the beach. He was working at the Bubba Gump Shrimp Company restaurant in Maui when he was offered his first film role which then led to a successful film career.

Chris Pratt

- He grew up with neglectful parents in a shack that lacked plumbing and electricity. His family often depended on the financial support of relatives. In 1954 he founded his church and by the mid-1970s he had amassed a large fortune and had established an international community.

Jim Jones

- Elvis was born in Mississippi and moved to Memphis. His family was so poor that his dad was arrested for a bad $4 check. At age 19, he became a megastar with his recording of 'That's All Right'. He went on to sell over 250 million albums, with 19 no. 1 hits and 115 top 40 hits. He won three Grammies and starred in 31 movies.

Elvis Presley

– His father left the family when he was young, forcing his mother to work odd jobs (up to four at the same time) to support them. Rodman grew up in Oak Cliff, one of the most impoverished areas of Dallas at the time. After high school, he worked as a janitor at Dallas Fort Worth International Airport. He eventually had a successful career in the NBA, with five championships (1989, 1990, 1996, 1997, 1998). He also led the NBA in rebounds per game for seven consecutive years (1991–1998). In 2011, he was inducted into the Basketball Hall of Fame.

Dennis Rodman

– His mother was a cook while his father was a gardener. He grew up in poverty and shared a room with his three elder siblings. He subsequently became one of the world's best-paid and most famous athletes. He is the all-time leading goalscorer for both Real Madrid and Portugal.

Cristiano Ronaldo

– Was an unemployed single mother living on welfare benefits. She described her economic status as being "poor as it is possible to be in modern Britain, without being homeless." She found success after writing the Harry Potter novels, which have gained worldwide attention, won multiple awards, and sold over 400 million copies. She is the United Kingdom's best-selling living author and one of the richest people in the country.

J. K. Rowling

– When he was 10, he began to work as a farmhand. He also worked as a horse carriage painter, streetcar conductor, teamster for the United States Army, blacksmith's helper, steam engine stoker, insurance & tire salesman, filling station operator, and secretary before founding KFC.

Colonel Sanders

– Her father was a coal miner who died when she was 14. Her mother was forced to work two jobs to provide for the family. Shayk became a successful and internationally recognized model.

Irina Shayk

– Developed his football skills on the streets of Montevideo while he worked as a street sweeper. He subsequently became one of the world's best footballers, winning numerous awards including Dutch Footballer of the Year, Premier League Golden Boot, PFA Players' Player of the Year, FWA Footballer of the Year, Copa América Best Player, and European Golden Shoe. He is the record goalscorer for Uruguay. In July 2014, he moved from Liverpool F.C. to FC Barcelona for a fee of £64.98 million, making him one of the most expensive players in football history.

Luis Suárez

Alan Sugar

– Born to a poor family in Fujian province, China and migrated to the Philippines when he was 12 years old. His parents owned a small sari-sari store where the family slept at night.^[14] In 1958, he established a small shoe store in Manila which became the first of his SM Supermalls. He eventually became one of the richest people in the Philippines.

Henry Sy

– Worked as a janitor at a tobacco factory to pay his school fees. He is now one of the richest Filipinos. His business assets include: Philippine Airlines, University of the East, Philippine National Bank, Asia Brewery, and Tanduay.

Lucio Tan

(rags: former California prison inmate –riches: Actor)

Danny Trejo

– Her parents earned little money and food was often scarce in their household. She eventually had a successful singing career, becoming one of the best-selling music artists of all time.

Shania Twain

(businessman)^[11]

John D. Rockefeller

– Dropped out of school at the age of 11. At the age of 16, he began his business of ferrying freight and passengers between Staten Island and Manhattan. He went on to build his wealth in the railroad and shipping industries, becoming one of the richest Americans in history.

Cornelius Vanderbilt

– She was an African American entrepreneur, philanthropist, and political and social activist. She is recorded as the first female self-made millionaire in America in the Guinness Book of World Records.

Madam C. J. Walker

– Born and raised in a tiny rented apartment in Tondo, the impoverished, densely populated, and gang-infested slum district of Manila. His father was a civil servant while his mother was a fishmonger. At age 6, he began helping his mother sell fish and shrimp to support the family; this forced him to temporarily stop schooling. He worked part-time while attending the University of the Philippines Diliman, where he earned a degree in business administration and accountancy. After resigning from his first job, he established a seafood delivery business, which eventually failed. With a capital of ₱10,000, he started a sand-and-gravel business which evolved into Camella Homes, the Philippines' largest homebuilding company. He was also a politician, serving as representative for Las Piñas (1992–2001), and as Speaker of the House during his third term in congress (1998–2000). He also served as senator (2001–2013) and Senate President (2006–2008). He was a candidate in the 2010 Philippine presidential election but lost to Benigno Aquino III. In 2014, Forbes ranked him as the 14th-wealthiest person in the Philippines, with a net worth of US$1.460 billion.

Manny Villar

- School dropped out of East Carolina University to pursue a YouTube career becoming known as the "biggest philanthropist".^[15]

MrBeast

(supermodel, entrepreneur, philanthropist)

Natalia Vodianova

^[11] – Her mother was a former maid, and her father a former coalminer and barber.^[16] She has a total wealth, estimated by Forbes magazine (true on 6 December 2015) as, net-worth 3.2. billion dollars.^[17]

Oprah Winfrey

(English rock musician)

Ronnie Wood

(political activist and first female candidate for the US presidency)

Victoria Woodhull

- He was born into a poor Brahmin family and his financial condition deteriorated until rising to literary fame.

Sarat Chandra Chattopadhyay

Charlie Soong

Sam Walton

- She grew up in a three-bedroom bungalow in Bridgetown and sold clothes with her father in a stall on the street.

Rihanna

- Was homeless and stayed in a 1976 Ford for three years.^[18][19] He became the host of Family Feud and its celebrity and African counterparts; the longtime host of Showtime at the Apollo; authored Act Like a Lady, Think Like a Man; has a radio show; and won seven Daytime Emmy Awards, two NAB Marconi Radio Awards, and fourteen NAACP Image Awards.

Steve Harvey

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Peña, Manuel. "American Mythologies" Ashgate Publishing Limited, 2012.  9781409442745

ISBN

. "Fooled by Randomness: The Hidden Role of Chance in Life and in the Markets" Random House 2001 ISBN 0812975219

Taleb, Nassim N

Weiss, Richard. "The American Myth of Success: From Horatio Alger to Norman Vincent Peale" Basic Books, 1969.  0252060431

ISBN

American Dream

Horatio Alger

Lottery

New Russians

Nouveau riche

Novus homo

Self-made man

Social mobility

Al-Fahim, Mohammed. , I. B. Tauris, Limited 1998, ISBN 1860642330, London Centre for Arab Studies.

From Rags to Riches: A Story of Abu Dhabi